Diplomatarium OP Roskildensis

Johannes Ebbesen, the king’s marshal, dies in Acre during the crusade. In his will, he leaves 40 marks silver to the Friars Preachers in Roskilde for the construction of a church and a priory.

Source: A. Annales Predicatorum, B. Annales Petri Olavi.

Language: Latin.

1232. (...) Obiit Johannes marscalcus in Accaron.

1232. obiit Johannes, marscalcus regis Waldemari, filius Ebbonis, in terra sancta in Achon, et sepultus est in Cimiterio b. Nicolai, qui contulit fratribus predicatoribus Roskildis ad ecclesiam et claustrum construendum quadraginta marchas puri argenti.

Comments: Johannes Ebbesen (Johannes Ebboni) was son of the Zealandic knight and magnate Ebbe Sunesen of Knardrup, and he thereby belonged to the mighty and wealthy Hvide family, a noble clan, which at this time owned most of Zealand and almost monopolized the episcopal office in Roskilde; Bishop Peder Sunesen of Roskilde (1192-1201) and Archbishop Anders Sunesen of Lund (1201-1223) were his uncles. Probably, he took part in a contingent of mainly German, English and Scandinavian crusaders, who sailed out of Palermo in the Summer of 1227 (Jensen 2005, pp. 166-167). If so, his will, and thus the plans of establishing a Dominican convent in Roskilde may go back to 1226-27. The Cemetary of St. Nicholas, where Johannes Ebbesen is reported buried, is probably the cemetary attached to the hospital of the Teutonic Knights in Acre. In Danish literature mentioning the donation, the amount is often erroneous enumerated to 400 marks silver.

Published: A. Scriptores Rerum Danicarum vol. II, p. 168; Scriptores Rerum Suecicarum vol. I no. 47; Annales Danici, p. 131. B. Scriptores Rerum Danicarum vol. I, p. 183.

1234

Roskilde OP

The convent of Friars Preachers in Roskilde is founded.

Source: Annales Petri Olavi.

Language: Latin.

1234. missus est conventus fratrum predicatorum Roskildis.

Published: Scriptores Rerum Danicarum vol. I, p. 184; Annales Danici, p. 206.

1231-70 (1236)

Lund

Roskilde OP

Fr. Johannes, prior of the Friars Preachers in Roskilde, dies on 2 May, which is noted in the necrology of Lund Chapter in a section dated to the period 1230-70. He may be identical to an otherwise unknown Fr. Johannes Cabbi, who according to the Annales Predicatorum dies in 1236.

Source: A. Necrologium Lundensis, B. Annales Predicatorum.

Language: Latin.

2/5. Item obiit frater Johannes, prior predicatorum Roschildis.

1236. Obiit frater Johannes Cabbi.

Published: A. Scriptores Rerum Danicarum vol. III, p. 511; Liber daticus Lundensis, p. 104.

B. Scriptores Rerum Danicarum vol. II, p. 168; Scriptores Rerum Suecicarum vol. I no. 47; Annales Danici, p. 131.

1245-46

Ribe

various convents, Dacia OP

At the provincial chapter in Ribe, 12 friars are chosen for the foundation of a convent in Tallinn (Reval), among these two brethren from the Roskilde convent: Fr. Engelbert and Fr. Johannes German.

Source: Account of provincial chapter act in Historia ordinis predicatorum in Dacia.

Language: Latin.

Conventus Revaliensis per fratres duabus vicibus est receptus (...) secundo anno domini m.cc.xlvi missi sunt fratres de diversis conventibus in Revaliam per capitulum provinciale Ripis celebratum. Quorum hec sunt nomina: frater Brotherus et frater Johannes Woxmoth de conventu Lundensi; frater Aaron de Randrus et frater Petrus Hartbo de conventu Wibergensi; frater Michael de Horsnes et frater Angelus de conventu Arosiensi; frater Engelbertus et frater Johannes Theo[to]nici de conventu Roschildensi; frater Paulus de conventu S[ycht]onensi et frater Johannes de conventu Insulensi; frater Astolphus de conventu Scheni[ng]ensi et frater Daniel de conventu Wisbycensi. Iste frater Daniel in Castro fuit primus prior et prelatus ordinarius inter fratres.

Comments: The time of year of the event is not stated, but normally the provincial chapters of Dacia were held in late August or early September. Therefore, it is plausible that the chapter in question actually took place the year before the Tallinn foundation year, i.e. 1245. The first convent foundation in Tallinn of 1229 was abandoned in 1233 due to military and political pressure from the Sword Brothers.

Published: Scriptores Rerum Danicarum vol. V, p. 501; Diplomatarium Danicum 1. ser. vol. VII no. 234; Archivum Fratrum Praedicatorum vol. 68, pp. 111-112; Halvorsen, Dominikus, p. 220.

1252

Odense

Roskilde & al., Dacia OP

At the provincial chapter in Odense, it is decided to transfer Fr. Jakob “the first” (Iacobus primus) from the convent of Roskilde to Viborg, whereas Fr. Håkon of Bergen and Fr. Odinkar, a lay brother, are transferred from the convent of Odense to Roskilde.

Source: Acta capituli provincialis.

Language: Latin.

(...) Ad domum roskildensem assignamus fratrem haquinum bergensem, fratrem othincarum conuersum de domo othonensi. (...) Ad domum Wibergensem assignamus fratrem iacobum primum de domo roskildensi (...).

Comments: In the present fragment of the act, only references to the convent in Roskilde are included. It is not clear, whether Fr. Håkon (Haquinus) is called “Bergensem” and, like Fr. Odinkar (Othincarus), is transferred from Odense, or he in fact is transferred directly from the Bergen convent to Roskilde.

Published: Kirkehistoriske Samlinger vol. I, p. 553.

1253

Ribe

Ribe, Roskilde, Dacia OP

At the provincial chapter in Ribe, the prior of the convent in Roskilde is elected socius for the diffinitor attending the next general chapter.

Source: Acta capituli provincialis.

Language: Latin.

(...) Electores magistri ordinis prior Ripensis prior Roskildensis. Diffinitor capituli generalis Prior Ripensis, socius prior Roskildensis. (...).

Comments: Only the last part of the act from 1253 is preserved. In the present fragment of the act, only references to the convent in Roskilde are included.

Published: Kirkehistoriske Samlinger vol. I, p. 554.

1254.09.08

Lund

Roskilde & al., Dacia OP

At the provincial chapter in Lund, it is decided to transfer three fratres from the convent of Roskilde to other houses: Ingvar (Ingvorus) to Lund, Johannes to Skara, and Olav (Olavus) to Odense; furthermore, a frater Esbern of Roskilde (Esbernus Roskildensis) is transferred from Ribe to Odense. Frater Niels Kari (Nicolaus Kari) is transferred to the Roskilde convent as lecturer, along with fratres Bertold (Bertoldus), Birger (Birgerus), Johannes of Denmark (Johannes Dacus), Josef (Joceph), and Karl (Karolus); for none of them it is mentioned wherefrom. The prior of Roskilde is elected as one of four preachers generals in the province. The subprior of Roskilde is elected visitator for the houses in Scania, Zealand and Funen (i.e. eastern Denmark).

Source: Acta capituli provincialis.

Language: Latin.

(...) Ad domum lundensem asigna asignamus (...) fratrem inguorum, de domo Roskildensi (...). Ad domum roskildensem, fratrem Nichoalum [Nicholaum] kari pro lectore, fratrem bertolldum, fratrem ~~Vngherum~~ birgerum, fratrem johannem dacum, fratrem ioceph, fratrem karolum. (...) ad domum skarensem fratrem iohannem de domo Roskildensi. (...) ad domum othonensem fratrem olauum, de domo roskildensi fratrem Esbernum Roskildensem & fratrem Michaelem conuersum de domo Ripensi. (...) Generales predicatores instituimus istos priorem Roskildensem, fratrem suenonem suppriorem Lundensem fratrem Nicholaum lectorem Lundensem fratrem Jacobum lectorem skarensem. Domos scanie sialandie & feonie uisitet supprior Roskildensis (...).

Comments: In the present fragment of the act, only references to the convent in Roskilde are included. Fr. Nicolaus Kari, the new lector in Roskilde, is heard of again in 1267, where he is one of six friars excommunicated by Guido de Lucina for ignoring the interdict that the papal legate had put upon Denmark. It is unknown, but not unlikely, if he then still was in Roskilde.

Published: Kirkehistoriske Samlinger vol. I, pp. 556-557.

1254

Roskilde OP

The church of the Friars Preachers in Roskilde is dedicated to Saint Catherine.

Source: Annales Petri Olavi.

Language: Latin.

1254. Dedicatio ecclesie S. Katerine fratrum Predicatorum Roskildis.

Published: Scriptores Rerum Danicarum vol. I, p. 185; Annales Danici, p. 208.

1254-55 (or 1260-61?)

Roskilde, Dacia OP

Fr. Absalon, the third prior provincial of Dacia, dies in Roskilde after 20 years or more in office.

Source: Bernardi Guidonis Historia.

Language: Latin.

Tercius fuit frater Absalon, vir reuerendus et bonus. Prior prouincialis fuit annis xx et amplius, priorque prouincialis existens obiit in Rusquillis anno Domini M.cc.liiii. vel lv.

Comments: Bernard probably has the wrong year(s) of death, most likely due to a simple addition of the alledged 20 years to Fr. Absalon’s first election in 1235. In 1257, Absalon was involved in a legal process supporting the archbishop, and according to two Scandinavian chronicles (both supposed to be Dominican), Fr. Absalon did not die until either 1260 (Annales 980-1286) or 1261 (Annales Predicatorum). None of the latter sources mentions, however, his place of death.

Published: Handlinger rörande Dominikaner-Provinsen Dacia, p. 6.

1256 August

Lund

Roskilde(?) OP

Fr. Bo of the Order of Preachers represents King Christoffer I at a conciliation conference in Lund with the opponent party of Archbishop Jakob Erlandsen.

Source: Acta processus litium.

Language: Latin.

(...) In expeditione igitur proximo sequenti dominus rex aliis occupatus negotiis responderi sibi ad predictos articulos non petiit. Rediens autem ab expeditione ad civitatem Lundensem, ubi tunc temporis moram fecit domina regina, properabat cum socero suo domino Zambyr duce Pomeranie, et, cum primum vacare potuit, causas archiepiscopi supradictas per Lundensem prefectum et dapiferum suum et fratrem Bo de ordine predicatorum et socerum suum audiri jussit et tractari. Nobis igitur Sacero preposito et Johanne Dros canonicis Lundensibus ad huiusmodi audientiam deputatis ex parte archiepiscopi (...)

Comments: The identity of Fr. Bo (Boecius) is not clarified from the text, but traditionally he is identified with the former provost of Roskilde Cathedral and later prior of the Roskilde Dominicans of the same name, who was excommunicated together with other Dominican supporters of the king in 1267. The mentioned prefect was the Scanian gælker Niels Erlandsen (Nicolaus Erlandi), brother of the archbishop, but supporter of the king, while the king’s seneschal (dapiferum) was Peder Finsen (Petrus Fini).

Published: Acta processus litium, p. 13.

Literature: Gallén 1946, p. 31; Skyum-Nielsen 1963, pp. 111-112.

1257

Roskilde

Roskilde OP

Will for Countess Ingerd, widow of Count Konrad of Regenstein, in which she leaves 20 marks denariorum, a silver dragon and a box to the Friars Preachers in Roskilde. Furthermore, the Preachers are paid 14 marks denariorum to redeem the countess of a promise to take the Cross, and finally, the friars are given another 24 marks denariorum in order to settle her debt with the nunnery of Börringe in Scania.

Source: Original document. Arnamagnæan Collection, University of Copenhagen.

Language: Latin.

(…) Nouerint igitur uniuersi tam presentes quam posteri quod teneor soluere fratribus predicatoribus pro claustro de Byrthingi xxiiii^or marcas denar. Item xiiii^or marcas denar. eisdem pro redempcione crucis. Item teneor soluere fratri Philippo de ordine minorum xl^a marcas denar. (…) Item fratribus predicatoribus Roschildis xx marcas denar. Item fratri Astrado v marcas puri et xx marcas denar. Fratri Salomoni v marcas. Gardiano Roschildensi v marcas denar. Insuper do fratribus minoribus Roschildis, apud quos sepulturam eligo, meum scrinium argenteum tam ad edificacionem monasterii quam eorum usus. Item eisdem pixidem argenteum, in quo seruatur corpus dominicum. Item psalterium meum majus eisdem et optima preparamenta mee capelle. (…) Item fratribus predicatoribus Roschildis draconem argenteum et pixidem. (…) Ad denarios autem prescriptos persolvendos assigno equos indomitos in Svenstorp, sed residui denarii, si qui fuerint persolvendi, de bonis meis solvantur, secundum quod domino episcopo visum fuerit expedire. (…)

Comments: Countess Ingerd (†1259) was of the wealthy and powerful Hvide family, being the daughter of Jakob Sunesen, probably the richest nobleman in high medieval Denmark. She gained her title by marrying the German knight Count Konrad von Regenstein (†1253), who had served King Valdemar II in his German campaigns and for this was given a manor in Ledøje north-east of Roskilde. In addition, Ingerd was a cousin of Johannes Ebbesen, the founding benefactor of the Dominican convent in Roskilde, but she herself was to be reknowned as the great benefactress of the Franciscans, founding several priories and nunneries on Zealand - among these the priory in Roskilde, in which she was buried. Börringe Monastery was a Benedictine nunnery in Scania, with otherwise no known relations to the Dominicans.

Published: Erslev, Testamenter... no. 3; Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. I no. 240.

c.1258-1262

Roskilde OP

Fr. Niels ‘Curly’, lector at the Dominican convent in Roskilde, tells the Benedictine abbot of Ringsted about a miracle, which nobleman Peder Ebbesen alledgely had experienced in relation to the King Saint Erik IV.

Source: De miraculis sancti Erici regis Danorum.

Language: Latin.

Petrus Ebbonis, non credens sancti Erici miraculis propter ablatam sibi ab eo exactionem, infirmatus ad mortem vidit in sompno quendam dicentem sibi: »Crede Ericum regem esse sanctum, et conualebis.« Et dicens »Credo« mox conualuit. Hoc recitauit Ringstad frater Nicholaus Crispus, lector predicatorum Roskild, Esgero abbati ibidem.

Comments: Probably, the nobleman can be identified with Peder Ebbesen (Petrus Ebboni) of Knardrup (†1256), member of the Hvide family and brother of the already-mentioned Johannes Ebbesen. King Erik IV was killed in Schleswig 1250 and the rumours of his sanctity slowly took form in the years to follow, but especially began to flourish, when his brother King Christopher in 1258 moved the corps from the Dominican church in Schleswig to the family grave in the Benedictine Ringsted Abbey. The date of the tale is uncertain. The experience of Peder Ebbesen must, of course, have taken place in 1256 at the latest, but Fr. Niels’ passing on of the miracle to the abbot is probably not any older than the transfer of the corps to Ringsted in 1258. The preceding tale in the list of miracles can be dated to c.1260-61, but the tales need not be listed chronologically. Fr. Niels ‘Curly’ (Nicolaus Crispus) is only known from this mentioning.

Published: Vitae Sanctorum Danorum, p. 438.

1261.03.22

Roskilde, Vordingborg OP

Will for Peder Olufsen of Karise, in which he leaves 10 marks denariorum to both of the Dominican convents in Roskilde and Vordingborg.

Source: Original document. Arnamagnæan Collection, University of Copenhagen.

Language: Latin.

In nomine patris et filii et spiritus sancti, amen. Cum nichil cercius morte, hora mortis nichil incercius, ego Pætær Olaf sun de Kalwæris, licet eger corpore, sanus tamen mente et spiritu, non inmemor salutis anime mee, lego et condo testamentum meum in hunc modum: (...) Item claustris Æsghærum, Hæpplæholt, claustro sancte Marie Roskildis, predicatoribus ibidem, Ringstadis, Soræ, monæchis in Næswith, fratribus predicatoribus in Hordthngæburgh, in Hafnis fratribus minoribus, fratribus minoribus in Kalundæburgh, cuilibet istorum x marcas denariorum. Item dominabus in claustro Slaggæthorp, fratribus minoribus Roskildis, fratribus minoribus Næstwith, cuilibet istorum xv marcas denariorum. (...)

Comments: Peder Olufsen (Petrus Olavi) is not known from any other historical sources, but according to the donations in his will, he was a landowner of significant wealth, possibly related by marriage to the Rane family. The village of Karise is situated in south-eastern Zealand. Since the will appears to include every monastic institution on Zealand, it would seem that the convents of Roskilde and Vordingborg were the only Dominican foundations on the island of the time. Thus, the uncertain time for the foundation of the convent in Næstved is probably a few years later.

Published: Erslev, Testamenter... no. 4; Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. I no. 332.

After 1261.03.22

Account for the actual payments following the will of Peder Olufsen, according to which the Friars Preachers in Roskilde have received their promised 10 marks.

Source: Original document. Arnamagnæan Collection, University of Copenhagen.

Language: Latin.

Nouerint uniuersi hec esse bona que dominus Petrus Olæfsun de Calwærijs assignauit ad persoluendum testamentum suum in Stethimshæret et ea emit dominus Iohannes Ranæ sun sub eadem condicione uidelicet ut solueret idem testamentum. (…) Ffratribus minoribus in Kalundæburg x marcas, contulit quibus non persoluit. (…) Item claustro beate uirginis Roskildis x marcas. Predicatoribus ibidem tantum. Hospitali sancti spiritus ibidem tantum. Hæbblæholt x marcas. Soræ promisit x marchas utrum habuerunt nescitur. (…) De istis septingentis marchis persoluerat dominus Iohannes Ranæ ducentas et quatuor marchas.

Comments: The letter is undated. The account has been sealed by Archbishop Jakob Erlandsen (Jacobus Erlandi).

Published: Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. I no. 333.

1263.03.15

Roskilde St. Agnes, Roskilde OP

Fr. Herman of Visby, Dominican penitentiary and papal nuncio, confirms that he in the church of the Friars Preachers in Roskilde has received Princess Agnes and her estate in the Second Order. Also the Beguines Tybikke and Elisabeth are admitted in the new Dominican nunnery in Roskilde.

Source: Transcript in Bartholin’s Collectanea.

Language: Latin.

Uniuersis presentes litteras inspecturis. frater Hermannus de Wysbu, ordinis fratrum predicatorum, domini pape penitentiarius capellanus et nuntius salutem et sinceram in domino caritatem. Exigente pie deuotionis affectu quem domicella Agnes filia quondam domini Erici regis Danorum illustris, ex longo proposito opre sue salute anime habuit, se et sua omnia que ipsam contingunt hereditario iure, deo et beate uirgini Marie et beate Agneti in ecclesia fratrum nostrorum Roskildis sollempniter obtulit, et deuote reddidit, sororum ordinis nostri habitum assumens. Quam extunc simul cum omnibus suis, et sorores pariter que cum ipsa se pariter reddiderunt nec non et duas beginas Tybicam et Elysabeth, cum curia sua et aliis ipsarum attinentiis sub protectione et tutione sacrosancte Romane ecclesie recepimus speciale, ferentes nichilominus excommunicationis sententiam in omnes illos et singulos qui predicte domicelle bona uel sororum seu beginarum predictarum inuadere uel diripere presumpserint uel etiam ipsas personas attemptauerint in aliquo molestare. In cuius rei euidentiam sigillum nostrum presentibus duximus apponendum.

Comments: Fr. Herman (Hermannus) is the first known penitentiary of Scandinavia. He was travelling in Scandinavia 1263-64 in his capacity of papal nuncio. The Dominican nunnery of St. Agnes in Roskilde was founded at the same time, based on the estates brought in by Princess Agnes.

Published: Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. I no. 367.

Literature: Gallén 1946, p. 89.

1296.03.22

At a trial in 1296, Bishop Gisike of Odense, who was present at the above-mentioned ceremony in 1263, describes how Princess Agnes handed over her cut-off plaits and her estates to Fr. Herman of Visby over the altar in the church of the Friars Preachers in Roskilde.

Source: Transcript in Bartholin’s Collectanea.

Language: Latin.

(...) In cuius signum capillos capitis sui precisos a uenerabili fratre Hermanno domini pape penitentiario ac nuncio qui ipsam recepit ad religionis habitum cum magna deuotione super altare optulit, scotans super idem bona sua omnia secundum leges terre eidem monasterio iure perpetuo possidenda. (...)

Comments: Princess Agnes left the Dominican Order only a few years after her entry, and the remaining fifty years saw a long dispute and several trials between the Order and the princess’ heirs about the ownership of her donated estates.

Published: Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. IV no. 205.

1263.05.17

Roskilde

Roskilde, Viborg OP

Mrs. Margrethe, widow of Johannes Gunnesen, donates 1 mark denariorum to the Friars Preachers in Roskilde, 2 marks denariorum to the Friars Preachers in Viborg, and 1 mark to two Beguines in Roskilde, as she herself joins the Franciscan nunnery of St. Clare in Roskilde.

Source: Original documents. Arnamagnæan Collection, University of Copenhagen.

Language: Latin.

A and B:

(...) Ideoque ego Margareta, relicta domini Iohannis Gunnissun, anime mee salubriter modis omnibus prouidere disponens, et spretis mundi diuiciis transitoriis, in habitu sancte religionis meo creatori de cetero deseruire decernens pro deliciis eternaliter permansuris (...). Me autem, et omnia bona mea residua do plenarie et confero claustro sororum sancte Clare, ordinis sancti Damiani, Roschildis reclusarum (...) Item fratribus predicatoribus ibidem [Viborg] ii marcas denariorum. Item fratribus minoribus ibidem v marcas denariorum. (...) Item Roschildis fratribus minoribus ii marcas denariorum. Fratribus predicatoribus ibidem marcam denariorum. Item duabus becginis ibidem, uidelicet Thore, et Thruen, marcam denariorum. (...)

(...) Ad maiorem uero predictorum ac firmitatem, presentem litteram sigillis, illustris domine M. regine Dacie, domini Petri prepositi Roschildensis, et fratrum minorum ibidem, ac meo proprio, et aliorum feci consignari. Actum Roschildis…

Comments: Margrethe Stigsdatter (Margareta filia Stigoni) was yet another member of the Hvide family, daughter of Stig Tokesen and sister to Bishop Niels Stigsen of Roskilde (†1249). Her deceased husband Johannes Gunnesen was a wealthy magnate of northern Jutland, which explains the donations to the mendicants of Viborg. Possibly, she was a sister-in-law to Gro Gunnesdatter, who donated money to the friars in 1268.11.18. Source B is a contemporary copy of A with a closing addition.

Published: Erslev, Testamenter... no. 6; Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. I no. 380-381.

1265.05.13

Roskilde

Roskilde OP

Fr. Bo, prior of the Friars Preachers in Roskilde, appears as witness in a royal letter of privileges from King Erik V Glipping to Æbeltholt Abbey.

Source: Transcript in the Æbelholt Book.

Language: Latin.

(...) Testes autem huius nostre concessionis presentes fuerunt, dominus Nicolaus Uibergensis episcopus noster cancellarius, dominus Nicolaus prefectus Lundensis, frater Boecius prior fratrum predicatorum Roskildensium et quidam alii. Datum Roskildis...

Comments: The exact date of the letter is uncertain. Prior Bo (Boecius) is possibly identical with the Fr. Bo, who represented King Christoffer (King Erik’s father) at a political meeting in 1256. The Roskilde prior, formerly a provost of Roskilde Cathedral, was excommunicated together with other Dominican supporters of the king in 1267. The letter is co-witnessed by two of King Erik V’s closest men, the royal chancellor Bishop Niels of Viborg and Prefect Niels of Scania, which also indicates a favorable position of Prior Bo with the king at this time. Æbelholt was an Augustinian abbey in north-eastern Zealand.

Published: Scriptores Rerum Danicarum vol. VI, p. 162; Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. I no. 461.

1267.09.10

Roskilde(?), Dacia OP

Cardinal Guido de Lucina, papal legate and nuncio, commands the bishop and the episcopal chapter of Lübeck to announce that the king and queen of Denmark, together with all their supporters, have been excommunicated; among the supporters are explicitly mentioned six Friars Preachers, including Fr. Bo, a former provost of Roskilde.

Source: Transcripts from the early 17th century of a lost transcript from c.1320. The Royal Library, Copenhagen.

Language: Latin.

(...) Cum igitur crescente contumacia crescere debet et pæna, uobis in uirtate obedientiæ et sub pæna suspensionis, quam eo ipso incurrere uos uolumus, (...) præcipiendo mandamus, quatenus per uniuersas parrochias uestræ diocesis et ciuitatis singulis diebus dominicis et festiuis prædictos regem et reginam ac fautores eorum, uidelicet Tukonem Arusiensem, Io. Burglanensem, episcopus, fratrem Akonem priorem prouincialem in Dacia, Bo quondam præpositum Roskildensem, Petrum dictum abbatem, Nic. Equum, Nicolaum dictum Kary, Akonem dictum Eldiam fratres ordinis prædicatorum (...).

Comments: A Provost Bo (Boecius) is known at the Roskilde chapter in 1241 and 1248, where he can be noted for having a good relation with King Erik IV in spite of an on-going strife between the king and the Roskilde bishop. Bo apparently joined the Friars Preachers in the early 1250s, as he is termed both provost and Dominican friar in 1255, and he is most likely identical with the Fr. Bo, who represented King Christoffer at a political meeting in 1256, as well as the Prior Bo of Roskilde mentioned in King Erik V’s company in 1265. According to the necrology of the Roskilde chapter, ex-Provost Bo died in the very month of his excommunication (September 1267). It is interesting to note that Guido terms Fr. Augustin (Akonem) as prior provincial, even though he officially had been absolved from the office by the general chapter in 1266. The excommunication was the result of a long, tiresome strife between King Erik and Archbishop Jakob Erlandsen, which Nuncio Guido unsuccessfully had tried to solve. In 1266, the nuncio had laid the entire kingdom of Erik under an interdict, but in spite of several instructions to the opposite, this interdict was consequently ignored by the Danish Dominicans (whereas it was supported by the Franciscans and the Cistercians).

Published: Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. II no. 86.

Literature: Gallén 1946, pp. 72-73.

1268.11.18

Roskilde

Roskilde, Viborg, Århus OP

Mrs. Gro Gunnesdatter Vint, widow of Esbern Vognsen, donates 2 marks denariorum to each of the Dominican convents in Århus, Viborg and Roskilde, as she herself joins the Franciscan nunnery of St. Clare in Roskilde.

Source: Original documents. Arnamagnæan Collection, University of Copenhagen.

Language: Latin.

Omnibus presentes litteras inspecturis. Gro filia domini Gunni. dicti Wint salutem in domino sempiternam. (...) claustro fratrum in Arus omnibus claustris in Wibørhu scilicet. canonicorum predicatorum. fratrum minorum. monialem Hasmøld ultra stangnum. (...) cuilibet claustro supradicto singillatim. confero duas marchas denariorum. de preciis curiarum supradictarum. (...) claustris in Roskild predicatorum. et fratrum minorum. cuilibet duas. marchas denariorum. fratribus in Haføn. duas marchas. denariorum. fratribus in Nøstwøt tantum et fratribus in Kaløndburg tantum. (...) Per omnia benedictus deus in secula seculorum Amen. Ospitalariis sancti Iohannis in Anduorskæh viii. marchas.

(...) fratribus predicatoribus in Arus tantum, claustro canonicorum Wibergis duas marchas denariorum. fratribus predicatoribus ibidem tantum, fratribus minoribus ibidem tantum (...) fratribus predicatoribus ibidem duas marcas denariorum. fratribus minoribus ibidem tantum/ fratribus minoribus in Hafen tantum, fratribus minoribus in Nøstwet tantum, fratribus minoribus in Kalundeburg tantum, hospitalariis sancti Iohannis in Anduordskøh viii marcas denariorum. (...) Ad maiorem uero predictorum certitudinem ac firmitatem, presentem litteram, sigillis supradictorum dominorum, preposit, archydyaconi, et canonicorum, ac sororum dictarum ordinis sancte Clare Roschildis, et fratrum minorum ibidem. necnon meo proprio sigillo feci consignari. Actum Roschildis...

Comments: Letter A is an undated draft for the final testament (letter B). Gro Gunnesdatter Vint was apparently daughter of a magnate from northern Jutland, probably a sister-in-law to Margrethe Stigsdatter, who had joined the same convent of St. Clare in 1263.

Published: Erslev, Testamenter... no. 7; Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. II no. 122-123.

1231-70 19 August

Lund

Roskilde OP

Fr. Albert of the Friars Preachers in Roskilde dies on 19 August.

Source: Necrologium Lundensis.

Language: Latin.

XIIII. Kal. Sept. (...) Item obiit frater Albertus sancte Marie & fratrum predicatorum Roskildis.

Comments: The death-day of Fr. Albert is noted in the necrology of the cathedral chapter in Lund. The year is not mentioned, but the section has been dated to 1230-70; since the first friars arrived in Roskilde in 1231, the possible period can be narrowed to 1231-70. It is an open question why he is said to be of “St. Mary and the Friars Preachers of Roskilde”, since the convent of Roskilde was dedicated to St. Catherine. There seems to be four possible explanations: 1. The Roskilde convent was dedicated to both St. Mary and St. Catherine; 2. The necrologist in Lund has made a mistake, as the Dominican convent of Lund, which is mentioned with several friars in the necrology, is indeed dedicated to St. Mary; 3. Fr. Albert originally came from the convent of Lund and was still felt to belong to this, which also explains why he is included in the Lund necrology; 4. The only church dedicated to St. Mary in Roskilde was the Cistercian nunnery, and although there exist no evidence, it is not at all impossible that Dominican friars in this period functioned as priests for the nuns, as the nearest Cistercian monks were located at quite a distance.

Published: Scriptores Rerum Danicarum vol. III, p. 542; Liber daticus Lundensis, p. 205.

1272.04.04

Munkholm

Roskilde St. Agnes, Roskilde, Dacia OP

Fr. Augustin, prior provincial of Dacia, and Fr. Hemming, prior of the Friars Preachers in Roskilde, are said to have witnessed a donation by the parish priest of Haraldsted to the Dominican nunnery of St. Agnes at an earlier - but undated - time.

Source: Original document. The Danish National Archives, Copenhagen.

Language: Latin.

Uniuersis Christi fidelibus ad quos presens scriptum peruenerit. Fridericus sacerdos. persona ecclesie de haraldstathæ. salutem in domino. Uniuersitati uestre declaro. quod ego (...) donaui donacione inter uiuos et publice scotaui. monasterio sororum apud sanctam Agnetem Roskildis. omnia bone mobilia et inmobilia que habui in Særclæsæ et Schienswyt Maglæ. cum omnibus iuribus et pertinenciis suis. coram domina mea regina. et dominis episcopis Arusiensi. et Burglanensi. et fratre Augustino tunc priore prouinciali. fratre Hemmingo tunc priore domus Roskildensis. et pluribus aliis religiosis et secularibus. ob remedium anime mee. iure perpetuo. possidenda. (...) In cuius facti euidenciam presentes litteras sigilli mei munimine roborans. sigillum eciam domine mee regine ac sigilla dominorum episcoporum et fratrum memoratorum presenti scripto apponi in perpetuum munimentum postulaui. Datum Munchæholm...

Comments: The letter is a confirmation of an earlier donation, which alledgedly was witnessed by the queen mother (Margrethe Sambiria), the two Dominican fratres, and the bishops of Århus and Børglum (both in Jutland). Haraldsted is a parish on central Zealand. Munkholm was a royal seat located on an islet in the inner Isefjord between Roskilde and Holbæk. All the mentioned seals, including the two Dominican ones, are preserved with the document.

Published: Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. II no. 177.

1279.09.22

Viterbo

Roskilde St. Agnes, Roskilde OP

Pope Nicolaus III commands Archbishop Thrugot of Lund to excommunicate Princess Jutta because of the case between her and the Nunnery of St. Agnes, in which the officially appointed judges, the prior of the Friars Preachers in Roskilde and Fr. Peder Gudbrandsen of the same convent, have already ruled against the Princess and excommunicated her, but to no effect.

Source: Transcript in Bartholin’s Collectanea.

Language: Latin.

(...) Et licet predicta I. pluries et caritatiue monita fuerit ut ad monasterium predictum rediret, terras possessiones et bona predicta eidem restituens, ipsa tamen id efficere obstinato animo non curauit. Cumque felicis recordationis Gregorius papa x. predecessor noster uenerabilibus fratribus nostris .. Skarensi et .. Lincopensi episcopis suis dedisset litteris in mandatis, ut si eis ita esse constaret, dictam I. quod ad prefatum monasterium rediret sub obseruantia predicti ordinis, et ipsius priorisse obedientia moratura, monitione premissa per censuram ecclesiasticam appellatione postposita coartarent. prior ac Petrus Gutbrandi frater domus Roskildensis ordinis fratrum predicatorum quibus predicti episcopi commiserant super hoc totaliter uices suas, quibusque de premissis legitime constitit, Iuttam predictam canonice monuerunt auctoritate huiusmodi litterarum ut ad predictum monasterium redire, et sibi terras possessiones et bona predicta restituere ac eidem priorisse obedientiam et reuerentiam debitam exhibere curaret, et tandem in ipsam quia id facere contumaciter denegauit, nichil rationabile proponens quare hoc facere non deberet excommunicationis sententiam exigente iustitia promulgarunt, quam Iutta predicta dampnabiliter contempnens eam per plures annos sustinut animo indurato. (...)

Comments: The identity of the mentioned Roskilde prior is not known. Neither is Fr. Peder Gudbrandsen (Petrus Gutbrandi) explicitly mentioned elsewhere, although he might be identified with the later Prior Peder of Roskilde, who was elected preacher general at an undated provincial chapter in the 1290s, and who became prior provincial of Dacia in 1302. Furthermore, a Fr. Peder of Roskilde is mentioned in 1299 as the confessor of a north-Zealandic nobleman. Princess Jutta had joined her sister Agnes in the Dominican nunnery of St. Agnes in Roskilde in 1267, but both sisters left the convent (without being absolved) in 1269-70, which led to a long-lasting strife between the nunnery and the Dominican Order on the one side against the princesses and their heirs on the other, concerning the estates that the sisters had brought with them into the convent. Both parties presented their cases to the Curia, and Pope Gregory X appointed two Swedish bishops of Skara and Linköping to investigate and rule on his behalf, a task which they delegated on to the two Dominican friars of Roskilde.

Published: Diplomatarium Suecanum vol. I no. 881; Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. II no. 383.

Online publication: Diplomatarium Suecanum.

Literature: Gallén 1946, p. 94.

1282.02.09

Roskilde

Roskilde St. Agnes, Roskilde OP

Fr. Niels, prior of the Friars Preachers in Roskilde, witness a transaction of landed estate concerning the Dominican nunnery of St. Agnes.

Source: Original document. The Danish National Archives, Copenhagen.

Language: Latin.

Uniuersis Christi fidelibus ad quos presens scriptum peruenerit, Esgi Marth, clericus, Nicholaus Ingimær syn, frater suus, laicus, et Petrus Bondi gener eorundem, salutem in domino. Noueritis nos octo solidatas terre cum domibus quas simul possedimus, in Guthingsio Lithlæ legittime ut moris est denunciatas, religiosis dominabus, priorisse et sororibus apud sanctam Agnetem Roskildis pro iusto precio uendidisse, necnon in manus domini Tuuonis Arnfasthæ syn qui in hac parte dicti monasterii procurator extitit puplice ibidem prouinciali pretorio, cum omnibus suis pertinenciis, mobilibus et immobilibus scotauisse (...). In cuius facti euidenciam sigillis dominorum, decani Roskildensis, Tuui Arnfasthæ sun memorati necnon fratris N. prioris fratrum predicatorum Roskildis presentem kartam postulauimus roborari. (...)

Comments: The diploma only states the initial N. for the name of the prior, but in Danish medieval texts this abbreviation in all identifiable cases stands for Niels (Nicolaus). It does not seem to have been very common for the Roskilde prior to neither represent nor witness on behalf of the local nunnery.

Published: Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. III no. 16.

1286

Sigtuna

Roskilde, Sigtuna, Dacia OP

Fr. Oluf, prior of the Friars Preachers in Roskilde, is elected prior provincial of Dacia at the provincial chapter in Sigtuna.

Source: A. Annales 980-1286, B. Annales Skeningenses, C. Transcript in Hamsfort’s Chronologia.

Language: Latin.

1286. Capitulum fuit Syctuniæ, et frater Iohannes tunc prior domus illius factus est episcopus Findlandensis ibidem presente domino rege Magno, et prior Roskildensis frater Olaus factus est prior prouincialis ibidem. (…)

1286. (…) capitulum Sictunie est habitum. et Electus frater Olauus in prouincialem. (...)

1286. Hoc tempore Sigtunæ in Sveonia Concilium a Clericis celebratur. Johannes Sodalis Prior Collegii Sigtunensis in creatur Episcopus Findlandiæ, præsente Rege Magno Ladalaas, & Prior Roeschildensis Olaus fit Prior provincialis ejusdem loci.

Comments: Fr. Oluf (Olavus) replaced Fr. Augustin, who had died the year before. He was prior provincial of Dacia from 1286 to 1302, when he was absolved by the general chapter. Oluf died in 1308 as a member of the convent in Næstved.

Published: A. Scriptores Rerum Danicarum vol. II, p. 433; Annales Danici, p. 194. B. Scriptores Rerum Suecicarum vol. III, p. 7. C. Scriptores Rerum Danicarum vol. I, p. 294.

1291.03.14

Kalundborg

Næstved, Odense, Roskilde OP

Will for Lave Lavesen, in which he leaves 5 marks denariorum to each of the Dominican convents in Roskilde, Næstved and Odense.

Source: Transcript in Bartholin’s Collectanea.

Language: Latin.

(...) Hic est quod Laugho Laughsun licet captus et impeditus corpore spiritu tamen expeditus et mente ob remedium anime mee testamentum meum ordino in hunc modum. (...) Item fratribus predicatoribus ibidem [i.e. Roskildis] quinque marcas. Fratribus minoribus ibidem quinque marcas denariorum. Item claustro sancte Marie ibidem quinque marcas denariorum. Item claustro sancte Clare ibidem quinque marcas denariorum. Item claustro sancte Agnetis ibidem quinque marcas denariorum. (...) Item fratribus minoribus in Nestweth quinque marcas denariorum. Item predicatoribus ibidem quinque marcas denariorum. Item claustro monachorum ibidem tres marcas denariorum. Item claustro monachorum Ringstadis tres marcas denariorum. Item claustro in Andworthæscough quinque marcas denariorum. Item fratribus minoribus in Kalændæburg quinque marcas denariorum. etc... Item ecclesie sancti Kanuti in Othænsø quinque marcas denariorum, fratribus minoribus ibidem quinque marcas denariorum, fratribus predicatoribus quinque marcas denariorum. (...) Actum Kalændæburgh...

Comments: Lave Lavesen (Lagho Laghonis) of Høng was a west Zealandic magnate, who on his mother’s side descended from the Hvide Family. His father, Lave Gudmundsen, was convicted for the murder of King Erik IV in 1250, and thus being hereditary tainted, the son automatically too became one of the suspects of the never-solved murder on king Erik V in 1286. When making his will, Lave was a prisoner at Kalundborg Castle. He was released in 1293, and then joined the other outlawed suspects in their bases in Norway. It is unknown if the donations of the will were ever implemented.

Published: Erslev, Testamenter... no. 15; Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. IV no. 3.

1291.08.30

Copenhagen

Roskilde OP

Will for Peder Ud, former stablemaster of the Roskilde Bishop, in which he leaves 1 mark denariorum to the Friars Preachers in Roskilde.

Source: Transcript in The Roskilde Bishop’s Chapter Book. Diocese Library of Linköping.

Language: Latin.

In primis lego ecclesie sancte trinitatis et beate Lucii Roskildis xx marchas denariorum et ibidem eligo sepulturam. Item fratribus minoribus ibidem marcham denariorum. Item fratri Suenoni ibidem marcham. Item claustro fratrum predicatorum ibidem marcham denariorum. (...) Ad huius facti euidenciam sigilla sua presentibus una cum sigillo meo apponant. Datum Hafnis...

Comments: The transcribed will does not itself name the testator, but according to a heading of the transcript, it was the Testamentum Petri Vth quondam stabularii domini Johannis episcopi Roskildensis, a former stablemaster of Bishop Johannes Grand of Roskilde, whom the will also terms as Peder’s lord. Furthermore, it is stated that Peder Ud is living in Copenhagen and he appears to have family relations to south-eastern Zealand.

Published: Erslev, Testamenter... no. 16; Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. IV no. 27.

1291-97

Roskilde & al., Dacia OP

At an undated provincial chapter in the 1290s, it is decided to transfer Fr. Strange from the convent of Roskilde to Næstved, whereas Fr. Peder, prior of the convent in Roskilde, is appointed preacher general.

Source: Acta capituli provincialis.

Language: Latin.

(...) Ad domum Nestwethensem assignamus fratrem strangonem de roskilde (...). Predicatores generales instituimus, fratrem petrum priorem Roskildensem (...).

Comments: In the present fragment of the act, only references to the convent in Roskilde are included. The year of the chapter is not stated in the extant parts of the acts. Various scholars have dated it to 1275-1280, 1290-1300, and 1291; personally, I find a year within the period 1291-97 most likely. Prior Peder (Petrus) of Roskilde was elected prior provincial of Dacia in 1302-08. He may also be identical with the Dominican Father Peder of Roskilde mentioned in a will from 1299 as the personal confessor of a north Zealandic nobleman.

Published: Kirkehistoriske Samlinger vol. I, pp. 560-562.

1292.03.04

Broby

Roskilde St. Agnes, Roskilde OP

Will for Gyde Skjalmsdatter Bang, widow of Esbern Karlsen, in which she leaves 3 marks denariorum to the church fabrica of the Friars Preachers in Roskilde, and 2 marks denariorum to the convent. Furthermore, the Dominican convent in Næstved receives 3 marks denariorum, while the convent in Holbæk together with the Franciscan convent in Kalundborg are given a cape worth 53 pence.

Source: Transcript in Bartholin’s Collectanea.

Language: Latin.

(...) Ego igitur Gythæ domini Skielm Bang filia, relicta quondam domini Esberni Karlssun, mente sana et incolumis licet corpore debilis et infirma, uolens saluti anime mee prouidere de bonis michi a deo concessis testamentum meum testimonio bonorum facio et ordino in hunc modum. (...) Item fratribus predicatoribus Roskildis tres marcas denariorum ad fabricam ecclesie et duas ad mensam ipsorum. Item fratribus minoribus ibidem ad fabricam tres marcas denariorum ecclesie et duas ad mensam ipsorum. Item claustro sancte Marie ibidem tres marcas denariorum. Item claustro sancte Agnetis ibidem unam marcas denariorum. Item claustro sancte Clare ibidem, unam marcas denariorum. (...) Item fratribus minoribus Nestweth tres marcas denariorum ad fabricam ecclesie et duas ad mensam ipsorum. Item fratribus predicatoribus ibidem tres marcas denariorum ad fabricam ecclesie et duas ad mensam ipsorum. (...) Item fratribus predicatoribus in Holæbæk, et fratribus minoribus in Kalændæburg, unum ornamentum mantelli continens quinquaginta tres denarious deauratos in ipsos equaliter diuidendos. (...) Ne igitur super hoc facto aliquod in posterum dubium oriatur presens scriptum sigillis dictorum executorum, una cum sigillo domini abbatis de Sora, nec non sigillo dilecti quondam mariti mei quo loco mei usa sum feci roborari. Actum Broby...

Comments: Gyde Skjalmsdatter Bang was yet another member of the Hvide family, sister to the late Bishop Peder Skjalmsen Bang of Roskilde (†1277). Broby was the central manor of her deceased husband Esbern Karlsen, situated on southern Zealand.

Published: Erslev, Testamenter... no. 17; Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. IV no. 67.

1297 February

Roskilde St. Agnes, Roskilde OP

In a settlement between King Erik VI of Denmark and Duke Valdemar II of Schleswig, the king promises not to interfere in an on-going dispute between the duke’s brother and the Friars Preachers in Roskilde on behalf of the Dominican sisters of St. Agnes.

Source: Transcript in Huitfeldt’s Chronologia.

Language: Danish.

(...) Vdi den Trætte, som er imellem Hertug Erich, Hertugens Broder, oc Predickebrødre i Roskild, paa S. Agnethe Søstris vegne, ville wi intet haffue met at giøre, vden der føris trætte paa. (...)

English translation:

(...) In that quarrel, which is between Duke Erik, the duke’s brother, and the Friars Preachers in Roskilde on behalf of the sisters of St. Agnes, we will have nothing to do, but what is disputed. (...)

Comments: The exact date of the transcribed letter is uncertain. The dispute, in which the friars of Roskilde represented their Dominican sisters, was an off-spring of the already-mentioned scandal concerning two princesses abandoning the nunnery of St. Agnes in Roskilde, where the ducal brother was an heir of Princess Jutta.

Published: Huitfeldt, Chronologia vol. II, p. 26; Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. IV no. 247.

1299.06.13

Roskilde OP

Will for Jakob Herbjørnsen, in which he leaves 1 solidum of barley and 1 solidum of rye to the Friars Preachers in Roskilde, and furthermore a hymn book to his personal confessor of that same convent, Father Peder.

Source: Transcript in the Esrum Book.

Language: Latin.

In nomine patris et filii et spiritus sancti. ego Iacobus Herbørnsun (...) ex rebus michi a deo collatis testamentum meum condere in hunc modum. (...) Item fratribus minoribus Roskildis. ii. oras. hospitali leprosorum ibidem. ii. oras. predicatoribus fratribus ibidem. unum solidum. ordei et unum solidum siliginis. Item patri Petr ibidem predicatori confessori meo unum salmi. (...) Et quoniam sigillum proprium ad manus non habeo presenti testamento. sigilla domini abbatis de Esrom domini Mathie plebani mei. et domini Nicolai de Walby uirorum uenerabilium. sunt appensa. Actum...

Comments: Jakob Herbjørnsen (Jacobus Herbiorni) is not known from other mentionings, but from the will, it shows that he was a landowner from north-eastern Zealand; he was buried with the Cistercians in Esrum Abbey. In high medieval Zealand, one solidum (Da.: ørtug) of grain equaled half a pound. A Fr. Petrus de Rusquillis was prior provincial of Dacia from 1302 to 1308, and before that prior in Roskilde in the 1290s, but there is no evidence that they are identical.

Published: Codex Esromensis no. 157; Erslev, Testamenter... no. 21; Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. V no. 40.

1302-08

Roskilde, Dacia OP

Fr. Peder of the convent in Roskilde becomes the seventh prior provincial of Dacia in 1302, where he succeeds Fr. Oluf and holds the office for 5½ years, until he is absolved by the general chapter in 1308 and succeeded himself by Fr. Knud.

Source: Bernardi Guidonis Historia.

Language: Latin.

(…) Septimus fuit frater P. de Rusquillis, qui successit fratri Oliuero anno Domini M.ccc.ii, prior prouincialisque fuit annis quinque cum dimidio, fuitque absolutus in generali capitulo Paduano anno Domini M.ccc.viii. Octauus prior prouincialis fuit frater Canutus, qui successit fratri Petro de Rusquillis anno Domini M.ccc.viii. (…)

Comments: Fr. Peder (Petrus) of Roskilde is probably identical with the prior of that same convent known in the 1290s. If so, he seems to have succeeded Fr. Oluf (Olavus) twice: first as prior conventual of Roskilde in 1286 (when Oluf was elected provincial), and secondly as prior provincial in 1302. He might also be identical with the personal confessor for Jakob Herbjørnsen mentioned in 1299.

Published: Handlinger rörande Dominikaner-Provinsen Dacia, p. 6.

Literature: Gallén 1946, pp. 64-65.

1304.03.10

various convents OP

Will for Dame Cecilie, widow of Marshal Johannes Kalf, in which she leaves 20 marks denariorum and a golden cross to the Dominican convent situated the closest to her future place of death and in which she wants to be buried; preferably, it appears, the convent of Lund or Ribe. If she is not buried in Lund, the convent here is to receive 6 marks denariorum, and if not in Ribe, this convent should have 5 marks denariorum. Furthermore, she leaves 5 marks denariorum to the Friars Preachers in Viborg, 3 marks denariorum to the friars in Helsingborg, and 1 mark denariorum to each of the convents in Roskilde, Odense and Århus. In addition, 1 mark denariorum is given personally to each of two friars: Fr. Anders, lector of the convent in Åhus, and Fr. Torsten the Elder of the convent in Århus. Finally, the convent of Ribe is given her personal psalterium.

Source: Original document. National Archive of Sweden, Stockholm.

Language: Latin.

In nomine patris et filii et spiritus sancti amen. Ego Cecilia relicta domini. Iohannis Kalf quondam marscalci illustris Danorum Sclauorumque regis. (...) pro remedio anime mee de bonis mihi a deo collatis testamentum meum ordino in hunc modum. Lego in primis pro redempcione crucis ad terram sanctam uiginti marcas denariorum Iutensis monete. Item locum sepulture mee eligo apud fratres predicatores in uiciniori conuentu loco mortis mee in quacumque terra me mori contigerit et eidem conuentui lego uiginti marcas denariorum illius terre et crucem auream quam habeo in qua est lignum domini. (...) Item fratribus predicatoribus Lundis sex marcas denariorum si ibidem sepulta non fuero. Fratribus minoribus ibidem v. marcas denariorum. (...) Item fratribus predicatoribus in Helsingburgh .iii. marcas denariorum. (...) Item fratri Andree lectori ordinis fratrum predicatorum in Aosia .i. marcam denariorum. (...) Fratribus predicatoribus Roskildis .i. marcham. Fratribus minoribus ibidem .i. marcham. (...) Fratribus predicatoribus Otthonie unam marcham. Fratribus minoribus ibidem .i. marcham. denariorum. (...) Item fratribus predicatoribus Ripis .v. marchas denariorum si ibidem sepulta non fuero et psalterium quod dedit mihi dilectus maritus meus siue ibidem sepulta fuero siue non. (...) Fratribus predicatoribus Wibergis quinque marchas denariorum. Fratribus minoribus ibidem .iii. marchas denariorum. (...) Fratribus predicatoribus Arusie unam marcham. fratri Thorstano seniori ibidem .i. marcham. (...) Exequcionem autem huius mee ordinacionis diligenti deliberacione prehabita confecte committo dilecto filio meo Iohanni Kalf decano Lundensi et aliis suis fratribus filiis meis (...). In huius autem ordinacionis et facti euidentiam et confirmacionem pleniorem sigillum meum una cum sigillis dictorum uidelicet Iohannis Kalf filii mei et domini Petri de Eliæryth fratris mei presentibus sunt appensa. Actum anno domini m.ccc.quarto in die beati Gregorii pape.

Comments: Cecilie Nielsdatter (Cecilia filia Nicolai) was of the Scanian Galen family (related to the Hvides) and a daughter of the king’s prefect of Scania, Niels Erlandsen (Nicolaus Erlandi), and thus a niece of the renowned Archbishop Jakob Erlandsen. The mentioned brother is Peder Nielsen (Petrus Nicolai), a landowner with seat in Eljarød in south-eastern Scania. While her felt connection to Lund is obvious, it is difficult to explain her preference for the convent in Ribe. It would appear that she did in fact end her days in Lund or nearby, as her death-day, 27 July 1318, is recorded in the Liber Daticus Lundensis. Dame Cecilie was married to Johannes Kalf, marshal of the former King Erik V Glipping, while her son of the same name was dean at the cathedral chapter of Lund. None of the named friars, Fr. Anders (Andreas) of Åhus or Fr. Torsten the Elder (Thorstanus senioris), are known from other sources.

Published: Erslev, Testamenter... no. 25; Diplomatarium Suecanum vol. II no. 1421; Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. V no. 309.

1304

Toulouse

Roskilde, Dacia OP

Fr. Peder of Roskilde represents the province of Dacia at the Order’s General Chapter in Toulouse.

Source: Acta capitulorum generalium OP.

Language: Latin.

Dacie: fr. P. de Rusquillis.

Comments: The identity of Fr. P. de Rusquillis at the general chapter in Toulouse is not clarified any further, but no doubt, he is identical with the “frater P. de Rusquillis”, the former Prior Peder (Petrus) of the convent in Roskilde, who according to Bernard Gui was elected prior provincial of Dacia in 1302.

Published: Monumenta ordinis fratrum Praedicatorum historica vol. IV, p. 1.

1307.10.09

Hørsholm

various convents OP

Will for Cecilie Jonsdatter, in which she leaves 3 marks denariorum to each of the Dominican convents in Roskilde, Ribe and Slesvig, 2 marks denariorum to the Friars Preachers in Viborg and Næstved, and 1 mark denariorum to the Friars Preachers in Holbæk. Furthermore, Fr. Vagn of the convent in Schleswig is personally given 3 marks denariorum. In addition, the Dominican nunnery of St. Agnes in Roskilde is given 5 marks denariorum to the fabrica of the church and a similar amount for the sisters, while one of the them, Katrine Mortensdatter, is left 8 marks denariorum and Cecilie’s personal psalterium, which she has already received. Finally, the sisters of St. Agnes are given 20 marks denariorum of the 60 marks that a special friend had asked her to donate for the benefit of his soul.

Source: Transcript in the Esrum Book.

Language: Latin.

(...) ego Cecilia filia domini Jon Ioonsun dicti Litlæ bone memorie (...) de bonis et prediis michi ad deo concessis meum constituo testamentum, in hunc modum. Inprimis omnium lego et confero monasterio Esrom, ubi meam eligo sepulturam, curiam meam quam habeo in Smørem, cum omnibus agris, pratis ac aliis dicte curie adjacentibus et sexaginta marchas denariorum (...). Item ecclesie beati Lucii Roskildis, v marchas denariorum, pauperibus scolaribus ibidem iij marchas denariorum, ecclesie fratrum minorum ibidem v marchas denariorum, conventui ibidem v marchas denariorum, (...) ecclesie fratrum maiorum ibidem ~~iiij~~ iij marchas denariorum, ecclesie beate Agnetis ibidem v marchas denariorum, conventui monialium v marchas, sorori Katerine Martensdotter ibidem viij marchas denariorum, et unum salterium sibi per me concessum. (...) Fratribus predicatoribus in Holæbæk marcham denariorum. (...) Item fratribus minoribus in Nestwæth iij marchas denariorum, fratribus maioribus ibidem ij marchas denariorum. (...) Item fratribus minoribus in Wiburg v marchas denariorum et ad fabricam ecclesie eorum iij pund annone, fratribus majoribus ibidem ij marchas denariorum. (...) fratribus minoribus ibidem [i.e. Ripis] v marchas denariorum, fratribus maioribus ibidem iij marchas denariorum (...). Item in Syndæriwcia ecclesie beati Petri in Hethæby iii marchas denariorum, pauperibus scolaribus ibidem iii marchas denariorum, fratribus maioribus ibidem iij marchas denariorum, fratri Woghn ibidem iij marchas denariorum, (...). Item de lx marchis denariorum Siælandensium michi a quodam amico meo speciali commissis pro anima eius conferendis, lego ad fabricam ecclesie in Slængæthorp xx marchas denariorum, item ecclesie beate Agnetis Roskildis xx marchas denariorum, item ad fabricam ecclesie fratrum minorum Haffnis xx marchas denariorum (...). Ne igitur de presentis testamenti confectione aliqua in posterum possit dubitacio suboriri presentem litteram cum sigillis uenerabilium patrum ac dominorum, Olaui miseracione diuina episcopi Roskildensis, fratris Iohannis abbatis in Æsrom, quos cum instantia peto, necnon et cum sigillis militum predictorum Petri Niclissun, Petri dicti Wæthær, et Nicolai filii mei supradicti, ac meo proprio sigillo feci communiri. (...) Actum Hyrnixholmæ, anno Domini m.ccc.septimo in die beati Dynosisii...

Comments: Cecilie Jonsdatter (Cecilia filia Johannis) was daughter of the Scanian prefect Jon Jonsen Litle (Johannes Johannis) of both the Galen and the Hvide family, who was the king’s confident and leader of the Danish nobility with significant estates on Zealand. Cecilie was married twice, first to a distant cousin of the Hvide family, Tyge Jurisen (Tucho Jurii), who had died as early as 1280, leaving her with five known children to reach adulthood. Secondly, she was married to Peder Ebbesen (Petrus Ebboni), who she also outlived. Both Cecilie and her father Jon seem to have died in the year of the will. She chose the Cistercian Esrum Abbey in north-eastern Zealand for her burial place. Besides this Cistercian connection, it is worth noticing a preference for the Franciscans, as the Franciscan convent in all towns with both orders not only is mentioned before the Dominicans (which is quite unusual in Danish wills), the Friars Minors are also systematically given larger amounts of money. The mentioning of Fr. Vagn of Schleswig does, however, also prove a personal relation to circles within the Dominican environment. Cecilie’s special relation to Sister Katrine Mortensdatter (Catarina filia Martini) of St. Agnes in Roskilde is not known any further. Hørsholm was a demesne and the manorial centre of the family estates in north-eastern Zealand. Hedeby (Hethæby) is the Viking Age name for Schleswig in Southern Jutland (Syndæriwcia). The identity of the special friend, from whom the sisters of St. Agnes received another 20 marks, is unknown.

Published: Codex Esromensis no. 116; Erslev, Testamenter... no. 28; Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. VI no. 91.

1308.05.23

Roskilde

Roskilde St. Agnes, Roskilde, Århus OP

Will for Christine Nielsdatter, widow of Jakob Blåfod, in which she leaves 10 marks denariorum to the Friars Preachers in Århus and 8 marks denariorum to the Friars Preachers in Roskilde. Furthermore, frater Anders of the convent in Århus is personally given 2 marks. In addition, the Dominican nunnery of St Agnes in Roskilde is given 6 marks denariorum in common, while sister Alike the Elder is left 1 mark denariorum.

Source: Original document. Arnamagnæan Collection, University of Copenhagen.

Language: Latin.

In nomine patris et filii et spiritus sancti, amen. Ego Cristina relicta domini Iacobi dicti Blaphoot (...) de bonis mihi a deo concessis in remedium anime mee testamentum meum condo et ordino in hunc modum. In primis igitur, lego et confero, sororibus apud sanctam Claram Roskildis duas curias meas in Hafnæleuæ, in quibus demorantur, Nicolaus Gris et Petrus Iutæ, apud quas sorores immutabiliter eligo sepeliri. Item pro edificio monasterii dictarum sororum lx marchas denariorum. (...) Item fratribus minoribis Roskildis viii marchas denariorum. Item fratribus predicatoribus ibidem tantum. Item sororibus apud sanctam Agnetem ibidem vi marchas denariorum. Sorori Alikæ maiori ibidem i marcham denariorum. (...) Item fratribus predicatoribus Arus x marchas denariorum . fratri Andree ibidem ii marchas. (...) Ad certitudinem autem et stabilitatem firmiorem sigilla, uenerabilis in Christo patris ac domini O. dei gracia, episcopi Roskildensis, ac honorabilis uiri, domini O. decani, et discreti domini Iohannis Thythæberg canonici Roskildensis, necnon et nobilium dominorum N. dicti Rany et Petri Wæther, cum meo proprio sigillo, huic littere apponi supplico humiliter propter deum. Actum et datum Roskildis presentibus religiosis fratribus, Henrico Stalbug et Bernardo, ac aliis fidedignis, anno domini mcccviii in die ascensionis domini.

Comments: Christine Nielsdatter (Christina filia Nicolai) was a sister of the above-mentioned Dame Cecilie (see 1304.03.10), and thus a daughter of the Scanian prefect Niels Erlandsen (Nicolaus Erlandi) of the Galen family. She was married to Jakob Nielsen Blåfod (Jacobus Nicolai “Bluefoot”), a petty noble of Zealand, who appears to have been among the many Danish nobles accused of being involved in the unsolved murder of King Erik V in 1286, who therefore fled the country as an outlaw and whose estates were confiscated by the Crown. Christine and Jakob had two known daughters, of which Margrethe had joined the Franciscan nunnery of St. Clare in Roskilde, where her mother Christine chose to be buried. The other daughter, Edle, was married to Knight Niels Jonsen Rane (Nicolaus Johannis Rane), who is one of the witnesses mentioned in the will with the initial N. only; at the time of the will, Niels Rane was one of King Erik VI’s closest confidents, but in 1316 he was executed for treason. The initial O. for the bishop and the dean of Roskilde stands for Olavus. As mentioned, Christine chose to be buried with the Franciscan nuns in Roskilde, and her will shows a general preference for Franciscan convents, just as the two fraters mentioned in the end are Friars Minors. Her relation to the Dominican convent of Århus is unknown, and Fr. Anders (Andreas) is not mentioned elsewhere. It would be tempting to identify him with the lector Anders of the Åhus convent mentioned in Christine’s sister’s will of 1304, as the Latin names of Århus and Åhus are easily and often confused, but since the mentioning of the Århus convent is followed by several Franciscan convents in Jutland, it seems unsafe in this case to read Arus as Åhus in Scania.

Published: Erslev, Testamenter... no. 29; Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. VI no. 126.

After 1312

Roskilde OP

Parish priest Peder Brakke of Broby leaves his incumbency to join the convent of Friars Preachers in Roskilde.

Source: Sorø Donation Book.

Language: Latin.

Honorabilis vir dominus Petrus, dictus Brackæ, curatus ecclesiæ Broby, de Fyeneslöfmaglæ oriundus, dedit monasterio spiritu devotionis suæ ad profectum animæ curiam unam in Fyæneslöffmaglæ (…). Qvam qvidem curiam mater ejus Inge antea etiam contulerat donatione testamenti, anno domini mcccxii. Hic Petrus habuit a monasterio pro beneficio donationis hujus qvinqve solidos terræ cum dimidio in villa Broby concessive ad dies suos. Qvi tandem, relictis omnibus, ad fratres ordinis prædicatorum transmigravit Roskildis.

Comments: Peder Brakke (Petrus Brackæ) is only known from this mentioning in the donation book of Sorø Abbey. It is one of the extremely few descriptions of a friar’s pre-Dominican life in Denmark. In consideration of Peder’s social origin, there are indications that he probably came from rather well-off family, at least with status of lower nobility. Indeed, his birth-place of Fjenneslevmagle was seat of one the kingdom’s most wealthy and powerful families in the twelfth century. Both Fjenneslevmagle, the Cistercian Sorø Abbey and Peder’s parochial office of Broby (or Vester Bråby) were situated within in close area of south-western Zealand. Whereas no districts of Dominican terminaring are known for sure in Scandinavia, the priest’s decision to join the convent of Roskilde (instead of e.g. Holbæk, which was located closer by) could perhaps indicate that the south-west Zealandic area of Sorø-Broby was within the district of Roskilde; the fact that the Roskilde convent later on owned a domus terminarie in the nearby town of Slagelse only supports this thesis.

Published: Scriptorum Rerum Danicarum vol. IV, p. 480.

1315.01.l8

Fakse Herred

Roskilde St. Agnes, Roskilde(?) OP

At the moot of the Herred of Fakse, Fr. Bent of the Friars Preachers, on behalf of the Dominican sisters of St. Agnes in Roskilde, receives a deed on two farms in Olstrup from Dame Cecilie, widow of Jens Sjællandsfar the Younger, represented by her son Oluf, for the salvation of the souls of herself and her late husband.

Sources: A. Original document. The Danish National Archives, Copenhagen. B. Register of Roskilde St. Agnes Monastery.

Language: A. Latin. B. Danish.

Omnibus presentes litteras audituris et inspecturis, Cecilia relicta domini Iohannis Syælænzfaræ iunioris, salutem in domino sempiternam. Constare uolo uniuersitati uestre per presentes, quod ego in remedium anime mee neconon et dilecti mariti mei dedi et scotari feci per manum filii mei Olaui in manus fratris Benedicti ordinis predicatorum omnia bona mea mobilia et immobilia in Olæfstørp monasterio sancte Agnetis Roskildis, duas uidelicet curias cum omnibus attinenciis suis iure perpetuo possidendas presentibus nobilibus domino Clemente Hærlugh sun Hæmmingo Olæf sun, et Godikæ Friis, et pluribus aliis, accedente ad hoc filiorum meorum uoluntate et consensu. In cuius facti euidenciam presentes litteras, sigillis dominorum Clementis Hærlugh sun, Petri Grubbæ, quoniam filii mei sigilla non habent, una cum sigillo meo feci sigillari. Actum placito Faxæheret anno domini m.ccc.xv sabbato post octauas epiphanie.

B (registration of A):

Ett skiøde breff paa tho gaarde j Olstrup frw Sitzille her Jens Siellandzfars skiøthe broer Bentt paa closters wegne. 1315.

English translation of B:

A deed letter on two farms in Olstrup, which Mrs. Cecilie, Mr. Jens Sjællandsfar’s, conveyed to Fr. Bent on behalf of the monastery. 1315.

Comments: It is not stated what convent Fr. Bent (Benedictus) is related to, but Roskilde is the most likely one. He acted on behalf of the nunnery of St. Agnes again at the ‘landsting’ (the moot of Zealand) in 1322, and he might be identical with a Fr. Bent, who is referred to as prior in Roskilde 1327. Cecilie Herlugsdatter (Cecilia filia Herlugi) was daughter of Herlug Erlandsen of the Galen family and thus a niece of Archbishop Jakob Erlandsen. Her husband, Knight Jens Sjællandsfar the Younger (Johannes ‘Zealander’ iunioris), was of a local noble family (Sjællandsfar) in south-eastern Zealand. He had died before 1310. Two of their daughters, Lunde and Cecilie, had joined the convent of St. Agnes in Roskilde around 1310, and in a later letter of 1315, it is stated that their mother now had done the same. As the conditions of the gift was somewhat special (Cecilie and her daughters were to enjoy the income of the two farms individually in their lifetime), the agreement was co-approved three days later by the (unnamed) conventual prior of Roskilde, who was also acting vicar provincial of Dacia. 20 August of the same year, the contract was confirmed by the prior provincial, Fr. Knud (Canutus). The Herred of Fakse (provincia Faxæ) consisted of 10 parishes in south-eastern Zealand. The village of Olstrup (Olæfstørp) was situated in one of these (Ulse).

Published: A. Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. VII no. 246. B. Ældste danske Archivregistraturer vol. IV, p. 282.

1315.01.21

Roskilde St. Agnes, Roskilde, Dacia OP

The prior of the convent in Roskilde seals, as acting vicar provincial, the conditions of the donation and entry of Dame Cecilie with the Dominican sisters of St. Agnes in Roskilde.

Source: Original document. The Danish National Archives, Copenhagen.

Language: Latin.

Uniuersis presentes litteras inspecturis uel audituris, soror Cecilia priorissa apud sanctam Agnetem Roskildis, totusque conuentus sororum ibidem, salutem in domino sempiternam. Quoniam nobilis domina, Cecilia, relicta domini Iohannis Syælænsfaræ iunioris dedit et scotauit monasterio nostro omnia bona sua in Olefstorp, mobilia et inmobilia, uidelicet duas curias cum omnibus attinenciis suis, nos uicem rependere uolentes pro benefactis, concedimus dicte domine ad dies suos usum predictorum bonorum ut fructus de eisdem leuet ac percipiat secundum suam uoluntatem, hac adiecta condicione, ut curia orientalis pro usu suo sit et post mortem eius libere redeat ad monasterium, curia uero occidentalis cedat in usum filiarum suarum que in monasterio sunt, et post decessum earum nichilominus redeat ad conuentum. In cuius concessionis assecuracionem et firmitatem, sigillis, prioris Roskildensis tunc uicarii prioris prouincialis super locum nostrum, et nostro, et conuentus nostri presentes litteras fecimus roborari. Actum anno domini m.ccc.xv in die beati Agnetis uirginis et martiris.

Comments: The identity of the prior in Roskilde at this time is unknown. It is also unknown why he was acting as vicar provincial. In August the same year, the contract was confirmed by the prior provincial, Fr. Knud (Canutus), who had been acting in the office since 1308. See also the comments to the letter above (1315.01.18).

Published: Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. VII no. 248.

1315.08.20

Roskilde

Roskilde St. Agnes, Roskilde(?), Dacia OP

Fr. Knud, prior provincial of Dacia, confirms the above-mentioned contract between Dame Cecilie and the nunnery of St. Agnes in Roskilde.

Source: Original document. The Danish National Archives, Copenhagen.

Language: Latin.

Uniuersis presentes litteras inspecturis frater Kanutus fratrum ordinis predicatorum prouincie Dacie prior et seruus inutilis. salutem in omium saluatore. Ut firma ueritas ac sincera caritas ad omnes maxime autem ad domesticos fidei et professionis nostre sollicite conseruetur, ordinacionem et concessionem factam per priorissam et conuentum sororum sancte Agnetis Roskildis de bonis in Olæfsthorp scotatis et datis earundem sororum monasterio per nobilem dominam Ceciliam relictam domini Iohannis Syælænsfaræ iunioris nunc sororem ordinis ibidem. uidelicet ut dicta domina et soror, dictorum bonorum fructus et prouentus libere percipiat ad dies suos pro sua suarumque filiarum consolacione et utilitate, tenore presencium, approbo, ratifico et confirmo, cum omnibus determinacionibus et circumstanciis, quas littera prefati conuentus noscitur plenius continere. In quorum omnium firmitatem sigillum nostrum presentibus est appensum. Datum Roskildis anno domini m.ccc.xv. in die beati Bernardi abbatis.

Comments: Fr. Knud (Canutus) became prior provincial of Dacia in 1308. It is unknown why a vicar provincial governed the province in February 1315, but Knud might have been either sick or temporarily absolved from office, before he had recovered or was re-elected in August. Poor health might be a possibility, as he is not heard of again after November that same year. The next known prior provincial of Dacia (Tyge) emerges in the sources as late as 1327. The time of year (20 August) of the letter strongly suggests that the provincial approval was given either during or after the annual provincial chapter, and since the letter is dated in Roskilde, we hereby have an indication of the only known provincial chapter held in Roskilde - which is rather peculiar considering the size and age of the convent. For comments on Dame Cecilie and her entry in the nunnery of St. Agnes, see 1315.01.18.

Published: Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. VII no. 291.

1316.03.24

Ringsted

Roskilde St. Agnes, Roskilde OP

Dame Christine, daughter of Jens Sjællandsfar the Elder, donates all her estate in Vindinge to the Dominican nunnery of St. Agnes in Roskilde on the condition that half of the annual revenue shall return to her in her lifetime. When she dies, half a main portion of her entire estate shall be given to the fabrica of the nunnery church, except for an annual amount of 2 x 3 marks, which is to be paid each year on her death-day to the sisters of St. Agnes and to the Friars Preachers in Roskilde for the salvation of her soul.

Source: Original document. The Danish National Archives, Copenhagen.

Language: Latin.

Omnibus presens scriptum cernentibus, frater Petrus abbas Ringstadensis, Nicholaus Tuuysun de Hørby, Magnus Syndæsun, Benedictus dictus Billæ, Nicholaus Iønssun, Olauus Niclæssun, Iohannes Niclæssun, salutem in domino, sempiternam. Ueritati uolentes fidele testimonium perhibere presentibus protestamur nos presentes fuisse et uidisse quod nobilis domina Cristina filia domini Iohannis Syalensfaræ senioris in placito generali Syalendie constituta, anno domini m.ccc.xvi. quarta feria post mediam quadragesimam, Petro Thørbænsun filio suo et Andrea Iønssun genero suo presentibus ac consencientibus, dedit et scotauit monasterio sancte Agnetis Roskildis, omnia bona sua in Winniggæ in parochia Swærbyræ in Hammærsheret mobilia et inmobilia, iure perpetuo possidenda tali adiecta condicione quod predicta domina Cristina medietatem reddituum de dictis bonis in solidum cum prefato monasterio, leuaret singulis annis ad dies uite sue. Insuper uoluit et declarauit quod post eius transitum de hoc seculo, medietas porcionis, que eam contingebat, libere cedat monasterio ad fabricam ecclesie ordinanda, hoc excepto quod singulis annis in suo anniuersario de predicta porcione, tres marche, fratribus predicatoribus Roskildis et sororibus apud sanctam Agnetem totidem in remedium anime sue perpetuo diuidantur. In cuius protestacionis firmitatem et certitudinem, siggilla nostra presentibus sunt appensa. Datum Ringstadis anno et die supradictas.

Comments: Christine Jonsdatter (Christina filia Johannis) was daughter of Jens Sjællandsfar the Elder (Johannes ‘Zealander’ senioris), and so of the Sjællandsfar Family from south-eastern Zealand. Furthermore, she was a sister of Jens Sjællandsfar the Younger, whose daughters Lunde and Cecilie, had joined the convent of St. Agnes around 1310, followed by their mother Cecilie in 1315 (see above). Christine too entered the nunnery in 1325. She was a widow of Torben Jensen Galen and mother of the mentioned Peder Torbensen (Petrus Thorberni). “Half a main portion” was the maximum share of one’s estate that anyone in medieval Denmark could leave by will to non-family. Vindinge was a village in Sværdborg Parish, Hammer Herred, in the southern-most part of Zealand. Ringsted is situated in the very centre of Zealand, where it housed a Benedictine abbey (here represented by Abbot Petrus) and the medieval moots of Zealand (‘Sjællands landsting’).

Published: Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. VII no. 361.

1322.06.10

Roskilde

Roskilde OP

Prior Johannes and the convent of Friars Preachers in Roskilde together with Provost Skjalm and the cathedral chapter of Roskilde act as witnesses in certified copy of a papal letter to the Franciscan sisters of St. Clare.

Source: Original document. Arnamagnæan Collection, University of Copenhagen.

Language: Latin.

Omnibus presens scriptum cernentibus, Skelmerus prepositus Roskildensis, totumque capitulum canonicorum ibidem, frater Iohannes prior fratrum predicatorum Roskildensium, ac conuentus eorundem ibidem, salutem in domino Iesu Christo. Nouerint uniuersi, nos litteras sanctissimi patris domini Bonifacii octaui felicis memorie, non cancellatas, non rasas, non abolitas, nec in aliqua parte sui suspectas uel uiciatas, sub uera bulla, et filo de serico uidisse, tenorem infra scriptum de uerbo ad uerbum continentes: Bonifacius episcopo (...). In cuius rei testimomium sigilla nostra presentibus sunt appensa. Datum Roskildis anno domini millesimo.ccc.xx.secundo quarta feria proxima post dominicam sancte trinitatis.

Comments: This is the only mentioning of Fr. Johannes as prior of the convent in Roskilde. His identity is unknown, but he might be identical with the Fr. Johannes de Dacia, who became penitentiary in Avignon in 1324, and later returned to Roskilde as Bishop Johannes Nyborg (†1344) in 1330; certainly, the priorate was occupied by Fr. Bent (Benedictus) in 1327. An alternative possibility is Fr. Johannes Albus, known as lector of the Roskilde convent in 1325, who was appointed vicar general for the province of Dacia by the general chapter in 1327. The certification to the Franciscan nunnery was of a papal bull from 1296. There is no immediate reason as to why the friars performed this favour to the Franciscan nuns. Provost Skjalm Pedersen (Skelmerus Petri) is known as provost in Roskilde from 1315 till his death in 1331. Otherwise, not much can be said about him, but his first name might indicate a relation to the Hvide family. In the cathedral chapter of Roskilde, the provost ranked second after the dean, but since the old bishop had recently died, and the dean (Johannes Hind) had been elected new bishop the same Spring, a new dean had not been chosen at this time.

Published: Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. VIII no. 420.

1322.10.19

Ringsted

Roskilde St. Agnes, Roskilde(?) OP

On behalf of the Dominican sisters of St. Agnes in Roskilde, Fr. Bent of the Friars Preachers receives a deed on property in Ølsemagle and Lyngby from Mrs. Edel, widow of Niels Tinde, as dowry for her daughter’s entry in the nunnery.

Source: A. Original document. The Danish National Archives, Copenhagen. B. Register of Roskilde St. Agnes Monastery.

Language: A. Latin. B. Danish.

Omnibus presens scriptum cernentibus. Nicholaus dictus Sweyn, Nicholaus Jønæssun, Magnus dictus Toddæ, Iacobus dictus Hafwræ, Nicholaus Grybby, Petrus Geræthsun, salutem in domino sempiternam. Notum facimus uniuersis tam presentibus quam futuris, nos presentes fuisse quod anno domini m.ccc.xx.ii domina Hætlæ relicta Nicholai dicti Tindæ, presencialiter constituta in placito Syalendie generali in crastino Luce ewangeliste scotari fecit per manum filii sui Heninnggi Tuuæsun, fratre Benedicto scotacionem recipiente, monasterio sancte Agnetis Roskildis racione recepcionis filie sue ad ordinem sororum in loco supradicto dimidium bool in censu terre in Olsyæ Maglæ, et octo solidos terre in censu in Lungby in Flackæbyershæræth cum domibus, fructibus, ac omnibus aliis mobilibus et inmobilibus pertinentibus ad bona predicta, iure perpetuo possidenda, ita tamen quod filia sua, fructus et prouentus de bonis in Lungby, pro usibus suis diebus uite sue leuet postmodum monasterium sororum predictarum ut tenetur. Promisit insuper domina predicta bona memorata, monasterio predicto, conseruare, ab inpeticione cuiuslibet, quousque sorores dicti loci in possessione debita, secura et consueta, fuerint, secundum leges patrie ad hoc constitutas. In cuius rei testimonium siggilla nostra presentibus sunt appensa. Datum anno et die supradictis.

B (registration of A):

Ett breff, att fru Hettle, Niels Tyndes efftherleffuerske haffuer befalitt hindis søn Hening Tyndeszen att schøde broder Bentt ett halfftt boell j Öllszemagle och otte skelling jord j Lundby j Flackebiergs herritt paa hinders datters wegne, som gaffs j closter. 1322.

English translation of B:

A letter that Mrs. Edel, widow of Niels Tinde, have instructed her son Henning Tindesen to deed Fr. Bent half a bol in Ølsemagle and 8 shilling land in Lundby in Flakkebjerg Herred on behalf of her daughter, who was given in monastery. 1322.

Comments: Fr. Bent (Benedictus) also acted on behalf of the sisters in 1315.01.18 (see comment here). The conveyance took place at the ‘landsting’ of Zealand with thingstead in Ringsted. The donating family is not known otherwise, but appears to be of Zealandic petty nobility. Ølsemagle (Olsyæ Maglæ) is a parochial village in Ramsø Herred, eastern Zealand, while Lyngby (Lungby) was a village in Eggeslevmagle Parish, Flakkebjerg Herred in south-western Zealand. A bol constituted what was considered a full-sized farm.

Published: A. Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. VIII no. 450. B. Ældste danske Archivregistraturer vol. IV, p. 288.

1325.04.07

Roskilde

Roskilde St. Agnes, Roskilde OP

Fr. Johannes, lector with the Friars Preachers in Roskilde, attests to have witnessed Christine Jonsdatter Sjællandsfar make the vow to the prioress of the Dominican sisters of St. Agnes in Roskilde, after which she took the veil. This took place during the sisters’ Easter Mass. Fr. Niels Mikkelsen celebrated the Mass.

Source: Transcripts in Bartholin’s Collectanea and at The Royal Library, Copenhagen.

Language: Latin.

Uniuersis presentes litteras inspecturis frater Iohannes lector fratrum predicatorum Roskildis et Margareta relicta nobilis uiri domini Henrici Albært sen dicta de Thythæbiærgh salutem in domino sempiternam. Ueritati uolentes testimonium perhibere notum facimus et in uerbo ueritatis presentibus protestamur sororem Christinam filiam Iohannis Siælænzfæræ senioris anno domini m.ccc.xx.v. die sancto pasche in missa conuentuali sororum sancte Agnetis post Credo in nostra presentia, sollempnem professionem fecisse in manus priorisse, et uelem quod profitentibus sororibus dari solet in signum perpetue firmitatis deuote et humiliter accepisse. Huic autem sollempni professioni, omnes sorores interfuerunt cum multis aliis secularibus mulieribus et puellis, scilicet domicella Cecilia filia domini Henrici Albærtsen, domicella Ingiærth filia domini Iacobi Niclæssen, et filia Andree Niclæssen de Skania cum aliis multis minus nominatis. Interfuit etiam frater Nicholaus Michaelis qui sacris indutus euangelium sollempniter legit in missa. In quorum omnium testimonium sigilla nostra presentibus sunt appensa. Datum Roskildis, anno et die supradictis.

Comments: Lector Johannes Albus was appointed vicar general for the province of Dacia by the general chapter in 1327. He might also be identical with the Prior Johannes of the Roskilde convent in 1322.06.10. Fr. Niels Mikkelsen (Nicolaus Michaelis) is only known from this mentioning. Most likely, he was a priest from the friars’ convent in Roskilde; this is indeed one of the very few insights given by the sources to everyday relations between the two Dominican convents in Roskilde. Dame Christine (Christina filia Johannis), daughter of Jens Sjællandsfar the Elder, donated estate to the nunnery in 1316.03.24 (see comment there); her nieces Lunde and Cecilie had been with the sisters since o.1310, and her sister Cecilie since 1315.08.20. Dame Margrethe Tygesdatter (Margareta filia Tuchoni), who co-witnessed the entrance of Sister Christine, was a wealthy, Zealandic landowner of the Hvide family (in Gallén 1946, p. 179, she is erroneously related to the family ‘Sjællandsfar’). As a child, she was raised in the nunnery of St. Agnes, and in gratitude of her upbringing with the nuns, she donated some landed estate to the convent in 1322. At this point, she was a widow after Knight Heinrich Albertsen, Count of Eberstein, with manorial seat in Tybjerg in southern Zealand. Her daughter Cecilie (Cecilia filia Henrici) was among the other named lay guests at the Easter Mass in the nunnery church.

Published: Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. IX no. 181.

1327

Perpignan

Roskilde, Dacia OP

The General Chapter of the Order of Preachers in Perpignan removes the prior provincial of Dacia and installs Fr. Johannes Albus, lector at the convent in Roskilde, as vicar general for the province, until a new provincial has been elected and installed.

Source: Acta capitulorum generalium OP.

Language: Latin.

Absolvimus priores provinciales Anglie, Polonie et Dacie. Item. Ponimus vicarium generalem in provincia Dacia fratrem Johannem Album, lectorem Roscildensem, donec provincialis electus et confirmatus et presens fuerit in eadem.

Comments: Fr. Johannes Albus is also known as lector in Roskilde in 1325, where he witnessed a woman joining the Dominican sisters of Roskilde St. Agnes in the monastery church. He might also be identical with the Prior Johannes of Roskilde known in 1322. The reason for the removal of the three priors provincial is unknown, as is the identity of the Dacian provincial. Fr. Knud (Canutus), who was elected provincial in 1308, was still in office in 1316, but from then to 1327, the records name no provincials of Dacia. In August 1327, the probably newly appointed provincial was Fr. Tyge. Alternatively, Fr. Tyge was the removed one, as he later in the same year left the office to become bishop of Börglum (the northern-most bishopric of Jutland).

Published: Monumenta ordinis fratrum Praedicatorum historica vol. IV, p. 172.

1327.08.19

Ringsted

Roskilde St. Agnes, Roskilde, Dacia OP

Fr. Tyge, prior provincial of the Friars Preachers in Dacia, and Fr. Bent, prior of the convent in Roskilde, accept, together with Erik Valdemarsson, son of Princess Jutta, to leave the decision of the strife between the Dominican sisters of St. Agnes and the princess’ heirs to 12 of Zealand’s best men at the landsting. Furthermore, the prior provincial gives power of attorney to Prior Bent to conduct the case on behalf of the nunnery.

Source: Transcript in Bartholin’s Collectanea.

Language: Latin.

Omnibus presens scriptum cernentibus frater Petrus Abbas Ringstadiensis, Andreas Pæterson de Allandorp Jacobus Niclæsson ranæ, milites, Nicolaus Sweygh, Ivarus Ivarson, Johannes Ivarson, Nicolaus Krook, Nicolaus Denkæn, Nicolaus Jønesson de Kwærkæby et Godrinus Magnusson, armigeri, salutem in domino sempiternam. Ne quod veritas approbat a posteris trahatur in dubium litterarum testimonio solet perhennari. Constamus igitur omnibus et singulis presentibus et futuris nos sub anno domini millesimo trecentesimo uicesimo septimo feria quarta proxima ante festum beati Bartholomei apostolici in placito generali Syelandie personaliter constitutos fuisse uidisse et audiuisse, quod dominus Ericus Valdemari contra fratrem Tuchone, ordinis fratrum predicatorum priorem prouincialem Dacie Suecie et Noruegie et fratrem Benedictum priorem ordinis eiusdem Roskildis super bonis omnibus et singulis et ubicunque locorum infra regni Dacie terminos sitis monasterio beate Agnetis uirginis ibidem scilicet Roskildis per inclitas domicellas Agnetem et Iuttæ clare memorie in eodem placito generali iuste et legaliter datis et scotatis, querimoniam proferebat, asserens se melius ius quam dicti fratres nomine dicti monasterii habere in eisdem, at illi dicti fratres ex parte monasterii eiusdem e conuerso respondebant dicentes dicta bona omnia et singula antedicto monasterio sancte Agnetis ratione uere donationis et scotationis ut premissum est iuste et legaliter attinere. Ut autem dicta causa inter eos rite et rationabiliter ac secundum iuris exigentiam, eo melius citiusque finiri et determinari ualuisset, ideo dominus Ericus supradictus ex una parte nomine sui, et frater Benedictus antedictus ex altera parte nomine monasterii antedicti, cui frater Tucho supradictus prior prouincialis plenam potestatem et auctoritatem in eodem placito dictam causam rite et discrete terminandi et finiendi commisit penitus et assignauit denominationem terre que dicitur landsnæfnd, in qua duodecim meliores et discretiores terre Syelandie nominati et scripta esse dignoscuntur, uidelicet dominus Inguarus Hyort, dominus Kanutus Niclæssen, dominus Nicolaus Tuuosen, dominus Iohannes Olæfsen, dominus Nicolaus Absolonis, dominus Petrus Grubbe, milites; Iohannes Duuæ, Nicolaus Mandorp, Nicolaus Iønæssen Kwærkæby, Olauus Iønæssen de Pæterstorp, Matheus Taa de Krakæthorp et Iohannes Magnussen rector eiusdem placiti, armigeri tunc temporis in dicto placito firmauerunt, promittentes se quod quicquid per dictos nominatores rite et rationabiliter factum fuerit in premissis ratum ac firmum totaliter et omnimode uelle tenere et habere, qui quidem nominatores ad agendum jurandum et determinandum super causa antedicta feria quarta proxima post purificacionem beate Marie nunc instantem ad dictum placitum debent conuenire. Ne autem aliqua dubitacionis materia super huiusmodi protestacione per nos facta, ab aliquibus in posterum debeat suboriri, presentes litteras sigillorum nostrorum munimine fecimus roborari, in testimonium et cautelam firmiorem. Datum Ringstadis, eodem placito anno et die supradictis.

Comments: This letter represents one of the last chapters of the long strife concerning the Dominican sisters of St. Agnes Monastery in Roskilde and the estates, which the princesses Agnes and Jutta brought into the nunnery with them in 1263, but soon after tried to take out again, when leaving the nunnery, which led to a juridical struggle, which on several occasions involved the friars from the neighbouring convent (see 1279 and 1297). On 3 February 1328, the case was finally settled, as the landsting ruled in favour of the nunnery; a verdict, which was apparently followed by the princesses’ heirs. Fr. Bent (Benedictus) had also acted on behalf of the sisters at moots in 1315 and 1322, but this is the first time he is explicitly located to the convent in Roskilde - and the first time he is titled prior. He is mentioned again in 1337, still as conventual prior in Roskilde. Fr. Tyge ‘Klerk’ (Tucho ‘Clericus’) was only prior provincial of Dacia for a short period, but he probably held the office in 1326, when he is known to have taken part in the dethronement of King Christoffer II of Denmark. In 1328, Fr. Tyge was appointed bishop of Børglum (northern Jutland), while the former bishop joined the Order of Preachers. In his time as both provincial and bishop, the relation between the Dominican order and the Danish kings cooled significantly. The Landsting of Zealand had its thingstead in Ringsted.

Published: Diplomatarium Suecanum vol. IV no. 2625; Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. IX no. 430.

1329.02.15

Roskilde

Roskilde St. Agnes, Roskilde OP

Gynceke de Falkendal donates a field situated north-east of Roskilde, next to the mill of the Friars Preachers, to the Dominican sisters of St. Agnes.

Source: A. Original document. The Danish National Archives, Copenhagen. B. Register of Roskilde St. Agnes Monastery.

Language: A. Latin. B. Danish.

Omnibus presens scriptum cernentibus Gynzikæ de Falkædalæ salutem in domino. Quod factum est in publico et apparenter ne per oblivionem hominum defluxu temporis delabatur solet testimonio litterarum roborari et in memoriam reduci ac renovari. Ideo ad noticiam tam precencium quam futurorum produco et tenore presencium recognosco me in crastino Valentini martyris in placito Roskildensis dedisse et scotasse monasterio sancte Agnetis ibidem agrum dudum meum qui dicitur Vindæbothæ hawghæ situm inter ipsum monasterium et molendinum fratrum predicatorum cum omnibus pertinenciis suis integraliter scilicet, cum agris, pratis, pomerio, et aque profluxu in anime mee remedium et antedicti claustri subsidium. Ut autem ista donacio et scotacio sit firma et perpetua obligo me et heredes meos per presentes ipsam meam scotacionem prefatam ab omni inpugnante et inpedire volente stabilem facere et firmam nunc et in posterium. Datum anno domini m.ccc.xx.nono in crastino beati Valentini martyris. In cuius rei testimonium sigillum Claws, fratris mei, et meum presentibus sunt appensa.

B (registration of A):

Ett Gynzicka aff Falchedalls Latine pergamendtz breff paa en agher, kallis Windebohaffue, liggendis hoss adelueyen emellum sorte brødre mølle oc sanctæ Agnetæ closter. Datum 1329.

English translation of B:

A Gynceke of Falkendal’s Latin parchment letter on a field, called Vindebo Garden, lying by the public road between Black Friars’ Mill and St. Agnes Monastery. Given 1329.

Comments: On the back of the letter is written: Paa jenn agher, som kalles Wynerbo haffuæ liggendis hoss adelweyen imellum Suartebroder mølle oc sancte Agnetis closter (“On a field, called Vindebo Garden, lying by the public road between Blackfriar Mill and St. Agnes Monastery”). Gynceke Gyncelinsen was an esquire with manorial seat in Falkendal just outside of Roskilde. He was also citizen in Roskilde and is known as mayor around 1350. He was son of an immigrated petty nobleman from the island of Rügen, and possibly, he himself was the father of the Dominican penitentiary (1362-64) Godskalk Mule de Falkendal (†1374) (Gallén 1946, p. 180). The mill of the Friars Preachers was located somewhere along the stream on the priory site, which was covering most of the north-eastern part of town.

Published: A. Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. X no. 100. B. Ældste danske Archivregistraturer vol. IV, pp. 285-286.

1329.02.15 Roskilde

A written evidence of the city court of Roskilde on the above-mentioned donation.

Source: A. Original document. The Danish National Archives, Copenhagen. B. Register of Roskilde St. Agnes Monastery.

Language: A. Latin. B. Danish.

Universis ad quos presentes littere pervenerint, communitas consulum et civium Roskildensium salutem in domino. Ut veritas debitum processum habeat et ne per oblivionem vel malignancium machinacionem a suo termino inpediatur, consuevit indicium scripture litterarum certam cognicionem reformare et dubium proculpellere fine assequto veritatis. Quapropter presencium et subsequencium noverit universitas, Gynzikæ, filium Gyncelini de Falkædalæ, civem Roskildensem dedisse et scotasse in placito nostro et presencia nostra in crastino beati Valentini martyris monasterio sancte Agnetis virginis in eadem civitate agrum tunc suum qui dicitur Windæbothæ haughæ situm inter viam puplicam juxta monasterium predictarum dominarum et molendinum fratrum predicatorum cum omnibus suis pertinenciis, videlicet, agris patris pomerio et aque influxu et decursu sicut eundem agrum post patrem suum jure hereditario quiete et pacifice habuit et possedit. Insuper eciam obligavit se et heredes suos predictum agrum cum scotacione sua liberum facere ab omni si fuerit nunc et in posterum inpedire volente et reddere prius dicto monasterio dominarum in perpetuum quiete possidendum. Datum et actum, anno domini m.ccc.vicesimo nono, in crastino beati Valentini martyris. In cuius facti evidenciam sigillum civitatis nostre presentibus fecimus apponi.

B (registration of A):

Borgemester oc raadtz breff vdj Roschiille, att Gynziicka aff Falckedall, borgere vdj Roskiille, schøtte samme ager, Windeboe haffue, tiill sanctæ Agne closter paa byethinget. Datum 1329.

English translation of B:

Mayor and council’s letter in Roskilde that Gynceke of Falkendal, citizen in Roskilde, deeded the same field, Vindebo Garden, to St. Agnes Monastery at the city court. Given 1329.

Comments: On the back of the letter is written: Super unum agrum in Windæbothæhawæ.

Published: A. Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. X no. 101. B. Ældste danske Archivregistraturer vol. IV, p. 286.

1330-1336-1350

Roskilde OP

Duchess Ingeborg donates a total sum of 160 marks silver to the Friars Preachers in Roskilde split over three years. A total of 100 marks is given for repairs on the priory church in 1330 and 1336, and in 1350 another sum of 60 marks is given for repairs on the priory.

Source: Annales Petri Olavi.

Language: Latin.

1330 et 1336. Ingeburgis, ducissa Suecie, Hallandie, Holbec et Samsiø dedit fratribus predicatoribus Roskildis in testamento pro reparatione ecclesie et emendatione mense 100 marcas puri argenti, et pro reparatione claustri 60 marchas puri argenti anno Domini 1350.

Comments: Duchess Ingeborg (1301-c.1360) was probably the most powerful woman in Scandinavia of her time. She was a Norwegian princess, who at a very early age married a Swedish prince, whereby she became Duchess of Sweden. After a number of royal deaths in 1319-20, she found herself the mother of the child king of both Norway and Sweden: Magnus Eriksson. After being removed from both the governing councils by Norwegian and Swedish nobles, she turned to her Danish estates, which included large parts of northern Zealand that she held in mortgage with her second husband, Duke Knud Porse of Halland, who together with the Counts of Holstein had deposed the Danish king and now in fact ruled the country themselves. As Knud died in 1330, Ingeborg became a dowager duchess for the second time. Her two first donations to the Roskilde friars came during this notorius ‘Reign of the Counts’ in the 1330s. In 1350, times had changed significantly, as King Valdemar IV had regained power in Denmark and by doing so had taken most of Ingeborg’s Danish possessions. Ingeborg’s actual relation to the Dominicans in Roskilde is hard to establish, as Roskilde does not appear to have been a part of her reign, but no other convent of any order received any similar donations from her. In fact, she gave yet another donation to the convent in 1358.02.05.

Published: Scriptores Rerum Danicarum vol. I, p. 191; Annales Danici, p. 210.

1331-1334

Lund, Roskilde OP

Papal nuncio and collector Petrus Gervasii takes local Friars Preachers into his service as messengers during his stay in Denmark 1331-34, where he periodically lives with the convents of Roskilde and Lund. From Roskilde, pairs of friars are send with papal letters to Jutland (1331.06.20) and Funen (1332.03.26), and during the final winter of the nuncio’s stay (1333-34), he leaves it to the Dominican prior of Roskilde to secretly transport half of the collected money to the harbour of Helsingborg, from where it is to be sailed to Bruges; the prior does not succeed, though, because of an on-going war. For his trouble, the prior is paid 5 shilling grot, while the convent of Roskilde is given a barrel of beer. Furthermore, the prior and the lector of Lund is paid for conducting some unspecified papal matters, just as they have kept collected money in the priory while the nuncio was in Sweden.

Source: Original account book. Vatican Archives, Rome.

Language: Latin.

Liber rationum magistri Petri Gervasii dudum in Dacia Suecia Gocia et Norwegia apostolice sedis nuncii. (...)

Item die .xx. junii (1331), auditis racionibus collectorum Lundensium quas tunc reddere poterant viventes nam aliqui ex eis mortui erant, iterum jui ad Sialendiam, videlicet, ad civitatem Roskildensem (...). Item scripsi prelatis in Jucia et collectoribus dicte decime significans eis me venisse pro dicta decima colligenda et quod pararent raciones et si quid habebant fideliter custodirent et dedi duobus fratribus predicatoribus qui dictas litteras portaverunt, pro subsidio expensarum suarum et pro naulo, nam duo passagia maris habebant transire -.xii. grossos Turonenses. (...)

Item die .xxvi. marcii (1332) misi de Roskildis in Feoniam litteras mandans collectoribus decime predicte in civitate et diocesi Ottoniensibus ut pararent raciones suas et quicquid collegerant de decima memorata ut paratum invenirem quia in proximo volebam venire ad eos et dedi duobus fratribus predicatoribus qui dictas portaverunt litteras pro naulo et subsidio expensarum suarum -.xii. grossos Turonenses. (...)

Item die .iiii. decembris (1333) jui versus ecclesiam Roskildensem et solvi pro naulo seu pro maris transitu -.viii. grossos Turonenses. (...) Item dedi abbati de Paraclito qui portavit extra terram illam unam partem pecuniarum quas tunc receperam ibi pro expensis et maris transitu -.iii. solidos grossorum Turonensium, et dedi socio suo -.x. grossos Turonenses. Item dedi priori predicatorum Roskildensium qui reliquam partem pecuniarum debuit extra terram illam portare usque Helsingborgh tam pro maris transitu quam pro expensis et laboribus -.v. solidos grossorum Turonensium. Item dedi conventui suo unam lagenam servisie pro qua solvi -.xx. grossos Turonenses. (...) Item anno domini .m.ccc.xxxiiii. die .x. januarii misi unum clericum meum una cum quodam presbitero domini archiepiscopi ad recipiendum pecunias quas debuit portare in Helsingburgh prior predicatorum Roskildensium in octava epiphanie et non potuit propter guerram, qui expectantes dictum priorem ibidem expenderunt -.xxii. grossos Turonenses, cum tribus equis. (...)

Item die lune in crastinum pasche (1334) exivi civitatem Roskildensium et solvi pro naulo -.viii. grossos Turonenses. Item dedi priori et lectori predicatorum Lundensium qui servaverant aliquas pecunias quas commiseram eis quando jui in Sueciam et aliquando laboraverant pro negociis domini pape -.ii. marchas denariorum Scaniensium. (...)

Comments: The source is the account book of Nuncio Petrus Gervasii for expenses during his stay in Scandinavia 1331-1334, as reported to the Curia in Avignon by his return. Although termed ‘papal nuncio’, the main job of Petrus Gervasii in Scandinavia clearly was to collect the Peter’s pence, 6-years-tithe and other papal taxes. The time made it, however, an unusual difficult task, as lawless conditions prevailed in Denmark during his entire stay; the Danish king had been deposed, and the country was governed by a number of Danish og German mortgage-holders (in Danish history known as ‘the Reign of the Counts’); seen in this light, it is in fact impressing that Petrus succeeded in collecting any money at all. Originally, he was meant to be accompanied by a Danish Dominican, the former penitentiary Fr. Johannes Nyborg, but just before their departure, Fr. Johannes was appointed new bishop of Roskilde by the pope. Apparently, the collected papal taxes in Denmark was often kept in the Dominican priories of Roskilde and Lund. A similar Swedish-Norwegian base for Nuncio Gervasii appears to have been the Dominican priory of Skara in Western Götaland. None of the friars from Roskilde or Lund is named in the accounts, but the Prior of Roskilde, who was sent to Helsingborg, was most likely Fr. Bent (Benedictus), who is known as prior in Roskilde 1327 and 1337. The mentioned Paraclito was the Augustinian abbey of Æbelholt by Arresø in north-eastern Zealand.

Published: Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. XI no. 152.

1337.01.10

Roskilde OP

Fr. Bent, prior of the Friars Preachers in Roskilde, together with the Franciscan custodian Fr. Gerlak of Roskilde and two local citizens, certifies two letters for the Bishop of Roskilde.

Source: Original document. The Danish National Archives, Copenhagen.

Language: Latin.

Omnibus presens scriptum cernentibus frater Benedictus prior fratrum predicatorum Roskildis frater Gerlacus custos fratrum minorum ibidem, Gynsekinus Gynselinssun et Johannes Tuvæson cives Roskildenses salutem in domino sempiternam. Noverint universi nos litteras infrascriptas domini Ingwari Hyort quondam militis sub veris suis sigillis salvis et integris non rasas non abolitas non cancellatas nec in aliqua parte viciatas, tenores qui secuntur continentes. (...) Quod vidimus hoc testamur cuiuslibet jure salvo. In cuius rei testimonium sigilla nostra presentibus sunt appensa. Datum anno domini m.ccc.xxx.septimo feria sexta post diem epiphanie domini.

Comments: Fr. Bent (Benedictus) is probably first mentioned in 1315 as ‘acting provincial’ on behalf of the Dominican sisters of St. Agnes at the moot of Fakse Herred, which he also represented at the landsting of Zealand in 1322 and 1327; the latter time as prior of the convent in Roskilde. He is probably also identical with the unnamed Roskilde prior, who in the winter of 1333-34 was given the dangerous task of secretly transporting half of the collected, papal taxes from Roskilde to Helsingborg. After 1337, Fr. Bent is not heard of again; in 1342, at the latest, he was replaced as prior in Roskilde by Jakob From. Fr. Gerlak (Gerlacus) of the Friars Minors is known as Franciscan custodian of Zealand in the 1330s, and in 1351, he was elected minister provincial of Dacia until 1359. One of the co-witnessing citizens, Gynceke Gyncelinsen, is known as mayor of Roskilde in 1350. He was also an esquire with manorial seat in Falkendal just outside of Roskilde, and he might be the father of the Dominican penitentiary [1362-64] Godskalk Mule de Falkendal (†1374) (Gallén 1946, p. 180). He had donated land to the Dominican sisters of St. Agnes in 1329. The certifications were given for the Dominican Bishop Johannes Nyborg of Roskilde [1330-44] in regard of two letters to his predecessor, Jens Hind [1321-30], from Knight Ingvar Hjort (†1334, Jens Hind’s brother) confirming the bishop’s lordship of Copenhagen.

Published: Diplomatarium Danicum 2. ser. vol. XII no. 1.

1341.09.13

Søborg

Næstved, Roskilde OP

Will for Ingerd Pedersdatter, wife of Ølrik Skaft, in which she leaves 2 shilling gros. to the Friars Preachers in Næstved and 1 shilling gros. to every monastery in Roskilde, which would include the Dominican priory and nunnery.

Source: Transcript in the Esrum Book.

Language: Latin.

In nomine sancte et individue trinitatis. (...) horum ego Ingerdis Pætersdotter conthoralis dilectissimi mei Ølrici Skafft (...) testamentum meum, et hanc ultimam meam voluntatem, ac legacionem condo, ordino et facio in hunc modum. In primis igitur lego monasterio Esrom ubi corpusculum meum terre peto instantius commendari, curiam unam in Uppesundby, et ornamenta unius sacerdotis pro missis celebrandis cum uno calice argenteo. (...) Item cuilibet monasterio Roskildis unum solidum grossorum. Item monasteriis fratrum predicatorum et minorum Nestwedis duos solidos grossorum. (...) Actum Syoburgis anno domini m.ccc.xl. primo profesto exaltacionis sancte crucis sub sigillis exequtorum predictorum.

Comments: Ingerd Pedersdatter (Ingerd filia Petri) was daughter of a knight Peder Karlsen (Petrus Caroli) of Bjergby. Her husband Ølrik (Ulricus) Skaft or Skakt was an esquire. The location of the landed estate listed in the will clearly points to a connection to north-eastern Zealand, where the Cistercian Esrum Abbey and the castle of Søborg are located, but other parts of the will also point to southern Zealand, which may explain the special attention for the priories in Næstved.

Published: Codex Esromensis no. 206; Erslev, Testamenter... no. 40; Diplomatarium Danicum 3. ser. vol. I no. 196.

Sources:

Acta capituli provincialis. Records from provincial chapters of Dacia in 1252, 1253, 1254, 1291 and perhaps one more from the 1290s. Published by G. Stephens in Kirkehistoriske Samlinger vol. I (1849-51) and as a separate reprint Brottstycken av en Dominikaner-Ordens eller Predikare-Brödernas Statut- eller Capitel-Bok ifrån XIII. Århundradet, och gällande för »Provincia Dacia« eller de Nordiske Riken, Copenhagen 1852.

Acta capitulorum generalium OP. Records from the general chapters of the Dominican Order since 1220. General Archives of the Ordo Praedicatorum, Rome. Medieval records published in MOPH vols. III, IV, VIII, and IX (Rome 1898 ff.) with supplements in Archivum Fratrum Praedicatorum vols. VI, XVII, XXII, and XXVI (Rome 1936-56), and in Analecta sacri ordinis fratrum Praedicatorum vol. 18 (Rome 1927-28).

Acta processus litium - inter regem danorum et archiepiscopum lundensem. Records from the legal processes during the Danish ‘Archbishop Strives’ in the second half of the thirteenth century. Published by A. Krarup & W. Norvin, Copenhagen 1932. Also partly published in Scriptores Rerum Danicarum vol. V, Copenhagen 1783, pp. 582-614.

Annales 980-1286. Dominican yearbook, probably from an East Danish convent, completed c.1286. Only preserved in transcript by J. Langebek published in Scriptores Rerum Danicarum vol. II, Copenhagen 1771, p. 433. Also published by E. Jørgensen in Annales Danici medii ævi, Copenhagen 1920, pp. 192-194.

Annales Petri Olavi. My name for the annalistic part of the chronicle of Petrus Olavi’s Collectanea (c.1533-34). Arnemagnæan Collection, University of Copenhagen. Published in Scriptores Rerum Danicarum vol. I, Copenhagen 1771, pp. 171-197. Also published in extracts by E. Jørgensen in Annales Danici medii ævi, Copenhagen 1920, pp. 206-211.

Annales Predicatorum, Dominican Yearbook, Dominikanerårbogen. A supposedly East Danish yearbook for the period 916-1263 of Dominican origin with a Swedish continuation; dated to the 1250-60s. University Library of Uppsala, Sweden. Published in Scriptores Rerum Danicarum vol. II, pp. 166-168; in Scriptores Rerum Suecicarum vol. I no. 47; and in Annales Danici medii ævi, pp. 130-131.

Annales Skeningenses, Annales Sigtunenses. Dominican yearbook written in the convent of Skänninge (Sweden), covering the period 1208-1288 and completed c.1290; as it was earlier thought to origin from the convent of Sigtuna, it is often referred to as ‘Annales Sigtunenses’. Preserved through transcript from the fourteenth century. Published in Scriptores Rerum Suecicarum vol. III no.1, Uppsala 1871-76, pp. 1-7.

Annales Visbyenses, 67-1287. A supposedly Danish yearbook of the thirteenth century preserved through annals of the early fifteenth century from the Franciscan convent of Visby, Gotland. The Royal Library, Stockholm. Published by in Scriptores Rerum Danicarum vol. I, Copenhagen 1771, p. 251; and by E. Jørgensen in Annales Danici medii ævi, Copenhagen 1920, pp. 136-137.

Bartholin’s Collectanea. A compilation of transcripts of medieval documents and chronicles collected by Thomas Bartholin (†1690). The actual collection was lost in the great fire of 1728, but an eighteenth-century copy is preserved. The Royal Library, Copenhagen. Published in numerous extracts in later diplomataria, such as Diplomatarium Danicum.

Bernardi Guidonis Historia Ordinis Dominicanorum (Codex Cracow). A chronicle written by Bernard Gui c.1310 containing a list of the first eight priors provincials of Dacia. General Archives of the Order of Friars Preachers, Rome. The list is published by K.H. Karlsson in Handlinger rörande Dominikaner-Provinsen Dacia section II, p. 6; and in Monumenta Ordinis Fratrum Praedicatorum Historica vol. III.

De miraculis sancti Erici regis Danorum. A collection of brief descriptions of miracles related to the late King Erik IV; dated to the second half of the thirteenth century. Published by M.C. Gertz in Vitae Sanctorum Danorum, Copenhagen 1908-12, pp. 419-445.

Esrum Book. Records of privileges and donations to the Cistercian Esrum Abbey on Zealand; compiled c.1497. The Royal Library, Copenhagen. Published by O. Nielsen in Codex Esromensis, Copenhagen 1880-81; letters from before 1413 also published individually in Diplomatarium Danicum, wills from before 1450 in Erslev’s Testamenter.

Hamsfort’s Chronologia, Chronologia rerum danicarum secunda. A compilation of transcripts of medieval documents and chronicles covering the period 687-1448 collected by Cornelius Hamsfort (†1627). The actual collection is lost, but a seventeenth-century transcript is preserved in The University Library of Uppsala. Published in Scriptores Rerum Danicarum vol. I, pp. 266-334, and in numerous extracts in later diplomataria, such as Diplomatarium Danicum.

Historia ordinis predicatorum in Dacia. A Dominican chronicle from the middle of the thirteenth century in three parts. First part tells the story of the first arrival of Friars Preachers in Scandinavia, and of the convent foundations in Sigtuna and Lund. Second part presents the first priors provincials. In the third part, the two convent foundations in Tallinn are described; therefore, the chronicle is thought to originate from Tallinn. The original manuscript is long lost. A fourteenth-century transcript titled De ordine Prædicatorum de Tolosa in Dania ann. 1246 propagato was preserved in Copenhagen until the city fire of 1728, but a transcript (of a transcript) of this was saved. Several publications, e.g. in Scriptores Rerum Danicarum vol. V, pp. 500-502; by S. Tugwell OP in Archivum Fratrum Praedicatorum vols. 66, 68 and 70; and (with a Norwegian translation) by P.B. Halvorsen in Dominikus, pp. 218-222. In addition, parts of the Historia are published in various Scandinavian diplomataria.

Huitfeldt’s Chronologia, Danmarckis Rigis Krønicke. An extensive chronicle of Denmark’s history from c.1200 to c.1600 by Arild Huitfeldt (†1609), meant as a continuation of Saxo’s “Gesta Danorum”. The chronicle, which was published in nine volumes in 1595-1604, includes transcripts of several letters, to which Huitfeldt is our only source. A photographic reprint is published as Danmarks Riges Krønike, Copenhagen 1977; numerous extracts are published individually in Diplomatarium Danicum.

Necrologium Lundensis. List of anniversaries of death-days to be celebrated by the cathedral chapter of Lund; the section in question here is dated to cover the period 1230-70. University Library of Lund. Published by C. Weeke as Liber daticus Lundensis : Lunde Domkapitels Gavebøger, Copenhagen 1884-89.

Register of Roskilde St. Agnes Monastery. Register of letters of donations and privileges to the Dominican nunnery of St. Agnes in Roskilde; compiled 1575. The Danish National Archives, Copenhagen. Published in Ældste danske Archivregistraturer vol. IV, Copenhagen 1885, pp. 275-290.

Registrum ecclesie Lundensis, Book of Lund, Lundebogen. Letter book (collection of transcripts) from the cathedral chapter of Lund written by Canon Bo Jensen in 1494. National Archive of Sweden (Riksarkivet), Stockholm. Most letters published individually in various Scandinavian diplomataria.

Sorø Donation Book. Records of donations to the Cistercian Sorø Abbey on Zealand; compiled c.1440. Published by J. Langebek in Scriptorum Rerum Danicarum vol. IV, Copenhagen 1776, 463-531.

Æbelholt Book. Records of privileges and donations to the Augustinian Æbelholt Abbey on Zealand; compiled c.1450. The Royal Library, Copenhagen. Published in Scriptores Rerum Danicarum vol. VI, Copenhagen 1786, pp. 132-218; letters from before 1413 also published individually in Diplomatarium Danicum.

Source publications:

Annales Danici medii ævi. Various medieval annals of Danish origin or Danish content. Published and commented by E. Jørgensen, Copenhagen 1920.

Archivum Fratrum Praedicatorum. Published by Institutum Historicum Ordinis Fratrum Praedicatorum, Rome 1931 ff.

Codex Esromensis, Esrum Klosters Brevbog. Records of privileges and donations to the Cistercian Esrum Abbey on Zealand; compiled c.1497. Published by O. Nielsen, Copenhagen 1880-81.

Diplomatarium Danicum. All registered letters concerning medieval Denmark; pro tem going to c.1412 (from 1401 webversion only). Published by Det danske Sprog- og Litteraturselskab, Copenhagen 1938 ff.

Diplomatarium Suecanum. All registered letters concerning medieval Sweden; pro tem going to c.1375. Published by Kungl. vitterhets historie och antikvitets-akademien och Riksarkivet, Stockholm 1829 ff. Also available in online webversion.

Handlinger rörande Dominikaner-Provinsen Dacia. Various medieval acts concerning the Dominican province of Dacia registered in the general archives of the order. Collected and published by K.H. Karlsson for the Royal Society for Publishing Manuscripts Concerning the History of Scandinavia, Stockholm 1901.

Kirkehistoriske Samlinger. An annual periodical on various aspects of church history in Denmark, with several first-time publications of sources in the earliest volumes. Published by Institute for Church History at Copenhagen University, Copenhagen 1849 ff.

Liber daticus Lundensis, Lunde Domkapitels Gavebøger. List of anniversaries, gifts and events recorded by the cathedral chapter in Lund in 1145-c.1410. Published by J. Langebek in Scriptores Rerum Danicarum vol. III, Copenhagen 1774, 422-579; and by C. Weeke for Selskabet for Udgivelse af Kilder til Dansk Historie, Copenhagen 1884-89.

Monumenta ordinis fratrum Praedicatorum historica (MOPH). Series of publications of various sources concerning Dominican history, preserved in the archives of the Order. Published by the Ordo Praedicatoum, Romae 1897 ff.

Repertorium diplomaticum regni danici medii aevi (Repertorium danici). List of all registered letters concerning the kingdom of Denmark in the Middle Ages (1085-1513), several citing complete letters or abstracts. Published by K. Erslev and W. Pedersen for Selskabet for Udgivelse af Dansk Kirkehistorie, Copenhagen 1894-1939.

Scriptores Rerum Danicarum. Various medieval annals and chronicles of Danish origin or Danish content, as well as several ecclesiastical letter books. Published by J. Langebek and P.F. Suhm, Copenhagen 1772-1834; reprint Wiesbaden 1969.

Scriptores Rerum Suecicarum. Various medieval annals and chronicles of Swedish origin or Swedish content. Published by C. Annerstedt, Uppsala 1818-1876.

Testamenter fra Danmarks middelalder indtil 1450 (Erslev, Testamenter…). All registered Danish wills from 1183 to 1450. Published by K. Erslev for Det Kongelige Danske Selskab for Fædrelandets Historie og Sprog, Copenhagen 1901.

Vitae Sanctorum Danorum. Hagiographies of Danish saints. Published by M.C. Gertz, Copenhagen 1908-12.

Ældste danske Archivregistraturer. Various Danish registers of letters preserved in The Danish National Archives; most of the registers are of the sixteenth century, but concerning medieval letters. Published in five volumes by Det Kongelige Danske Selskab for Fædrelandets Historie og Sprog, Copenhagen 1854-1910.

Literature referred to in the diplomatarium:

Gallén, Jarl (1946): La Province de Dacie de l’ordre des Frères Prêcheurs 1 - Histoire générale jusqu’au Grand Schisme, Helsingfors. (The classic and still the primary (as well as the only) complete description of all the Dominican convents in medieval Scandinavia in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. In French.)

Halvorsen OP, Per Bjørn (2002): Dominikus - En europeers liv på 1200-tallet, Oslo. (“Dominic - Life of a European in the Thirteenth Century”. A general description of the life of Dominic and the early years of the Order, including the beginning in Scandinavia. Contains a name list of all Dominicans known in Norway in the Middle Ages. In Norwegian.)

Jakobsen, Johnny Grandjean Gøgsig (2005): The Dominican priory and convent of medieval Roskilde, Denmark, in: Dominican History Newsletter vol. 14, Rome.

Jensen, Kurt Villads (2005): Politikens bog om korstogene, Copenhagen. (“Politiken’s book on the crusades”. A popular, and yet very thorough presentation of crusade history from one of the school’s leading scholars in Denmark. Several mentionings of the Dominican participation (not in Dacia in particular) and, more importantly for the Roskilde convent, a comment on the convent’s first benefactor, Marshal Johannes Ebbesen. In Danish.)

Skyum-Nielsen, Niels (1963): Kirkekampen i Danmark 1241-1290, Copenhagen. (“The ecclesiastical controversy of Denmark, 1241-1290”. A scholarly presentation and analysis of the political struggle between Danish kings and archbishops in the second half of the thirteenth century with several mentionings of Dominican friars, generally participating on the side of the kings. In Danish.)

Literature in general mentioning the Dominican convent and priory in Roskilde:

Andersen, Jens (1997): Byvold og klostermur - arkæologisk undersøgelse i Dronning Margrethes Vej 1996, in: ROMU - Årsskrift fra Roskilde Museum 1996, Roskilde, pp. 21-34. (“City wall and cloister wall - archaeological investigation in Queen Margaret’s Road 1996”. A popular presentation of present and earlier archaeological findings on the priory site. In Danish.)

Behrmann, H. (1832): Grundrids til en historisk-topographisk Beskrivelse af det gamle Konge- og Bispesæde Roeskilde, Copenhagen. (“Outline for a historical-topographical description of the old Royal and Episcopal seat of Roskilde”. A general town history with focus on royal and episcopal matters. A small chapter on the Dominican friars, pp. 206-210. In old Danish.)

Birkebæk, Frank et al. (1992): Roskilde bys historie - tiden indtil 1536, Roskilde. (“Roskilde town’s history - times up until 1536”. A general town history with a combined passage on the mendicant convents, pp. 198-205. In Danish, with a summary in English.)

van Deurs, Piet (1999): Roskilde Kloster, Roskilde. (A popular, but also rather informative presentation of the history of the Dominican convent in Roskilde and especially its Lutheran successor for unmarried noblewomen. In Danish.)

Fang, Arthur (1945): Roskilde - Fra byen og dens historie vol. I, Roskilde. (“Roskilde - From the town and its history”. A general town history with a passage on the Dominican convent, pp. 316-319. In Danish.)

Fang, Lotte (1982): Roskilde ældre gader og stræder, Roskilde. (“Old streets and alleys of Roskilde”. Presentation of historic road structures and street-names in Roskilde, with several considerations on roads and alleys around the Blackfriar Priory. In Danish.)

Jakobsen, Johnny Grandjean Gøgsig (2005): The Dominican priory and convent of medieval Roskilde, Denmark, in: Dominican History Newsletter vol. 14, Rome.

Jørgensen, Jens Anker & Bente Thomsen (2004): Gyldendals bog om danske klostre, Copenhagen. (“Gyldendal’s book on Danish convents”. Presentation of medieval monastic culture, religious orders in Denmark and a brief summary on every individual convent; on the Dominican convent in Roskilde, p. 238. In Danish.)

Lorenzen, Vilhelm (1920): De danske Dominikanerklostres Bygningshistorie, Copenhagen. (“Architectural history of the Danish Dominican priories”. A thorough - but in some places rather erroneous - presentation of all knowledge (in 1920) on Dominican settlements in medieval Denmark; on the convent in Roskilde, pp. 57-59. In Danish.)

Moltke, E. et al. (1944): Danmarks Kirker - Københavns Amt vol. I, Copenhagen. (“Churches of Denmark - Copenhagen County”. An academic and lexical presentation of all available facts (written, achitectural and archaeological) on all churches in Denmark; on the Dominican church in Roskilde, pp. 159-160. In Danish.)

Resen, Peder Hansen (c.1674): Atlas Danicus. Roskilde. Re-published by J. Knudsen, Copenhagen 1929. (The oldest series of illustrated town histories in Denmark. The volume on Roskilde includes a number of general (and rather negative) views upon Danish medieval mendicants; on the Dominican convent and priory, pp. 73, 76-77, and 80-85. In Danish.)

Archaeological reports:

Excavation of 1891, conducted by Jacob Kornerup, National Museum of Denmark (NM II A). Diggings in northern part of present-day St Pederstræde with findings of graves and tile floors. Kornerup also reported that a few years earlier, remnants of buildings were found in the garden north of the present Roskilde Cloister. Main results are referred in: Vilhelm Lorenzen, De danske Dominikanerklostres Bygningshistorie, Copenhagen 1920, p. 57; E. Moltke et al., Danmarks Kirker - Københavns Amt vol. I, Copenhagen 1944, p. 159; Piet van Deurs, Roskilde Kloster, Roskilde 1999, pp. 10-11.

Excavation of 1906, conducted by C.M. Schmidt, National Museum of Denmark (NM II A). Diggings under the (new) western wing of the present-day cloister with findings of the corner of a priory building, remnants of church windows, and a brass tap. Main results are referred in: Lorenzen 1920, op. cit., p. 57; Moltke et al. 1944, op. cit., p. 159; van Deurs 1999, op. cit., p. 11.

Excavation of 1959, conducted by Ole Feldbæk. Diggings in north-eastern part af priory site with findings of what was then believed to be a paved building, but later was re-interpreted as a paved road between two walls. Main results referred in: van Deurs 1999, op. cit., p. 11-12; Jens Andersen, Byvold og klostermur, in ROMU 1996, Roskilde 1997, p. 25-28.

Excavations of 1973-74, conducted by Oluf Olsen, Museum of Roskilde. Diggings in area east of the supposed site of the priory buildings with findings of a brick-layed cellar. Main results referred in: Andersen, op. cit., p. 25.

Excavation of 1978, conducted by Morten Aaman Sørensen, National Museum of Denmark. During a construction work in the same area as above, a medieval tile kiln was found. Main results referred in: Andersen, op. cit., p. 25.

Excavation of 1996, conducted by Jens Andersen, Museum of Roskilde. Diggings in road running through northern part of medieval priory site with findings of the priory wall and a rather fine medieval paved road running between this wall and the city wall; possibly a road held by the Dominicans. Main results referred in: Andersen, op. cit., pp. 25-28.

Centre for Dominican Studies of Dacia

Johnny G.G. Jakobsen, Department of Scandinavian Research, University of Copenhagen

Postal address: Njalsgade 136, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark ● Email: jggj@hum.ku.dk